FNDH 400 Exam 2 Questions and Answers (Verified
Answers)
Crypts of Lieberkuhn
pits b/w villi
Do crypts contain stem cells true/false
true
Enterocytes a type of cell from the stem cells in crypt mature as you go down
more into the crypts true/false
False enterocytes mature as the resin or migrate up the villus out of the crypt
What happen to enterocytes as they reach the top of the villus
They are sloughed off and either digested as lip and protein contain or excreted in feces
Absorption is defined as reaching the muscle true/false
false reaching the body circulation
Compounds that are taken up might not necessarily be absorbed because the
enterocyte containing the compound might be sloughed off before absorption
occurs. true/false
true
At the top of villi are the crypts of Lieberkühn which contain stem cells, many of
which differentiate to become enterocytes as they move down the villi, before
ultimately being sloughed off. true/false
false found in the pits between villi, and the enterocytes move up not down villi
Which is not a macronutrient digestion product ready for uptake
A. glucose B. tripeptide C. 2-monoglycerides D. fatty acids E. sucrose
E. sucrose
Which is not a protein the thelps move compounds through the phospholipid
bilayer cell membrane A. pump B. carrier C. channel D. transporter E. tunnel
E. tunnel
Active transport does not require energy to move with a concentration gradient
true/false
False passive does active requires energy to move against the concentration gradient
Cleaving a phosphate bond (dephosphorylation) generally releases energy.
true/false
true
Osmosis moves solvent instead of solute true/false
true
A solute moving from lower concentration to higher concentration across a
membrane is moving with its concentration gradient. true/false
false moving against its concentration gradient
What are the three forms of passive uptake/transport
simple diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion
n simple diffusion, a solute moves from a region with higher solute concentration
across a membrane to a region with lower solute concentration with the help of a
protein true/false
false everything is true accept it does not need help from a protein
, n osmosis, water moves from a region with higher solute concentration across a
membrane to a region with lower solute concentration. true/false
false low concentration to high concentration
Facilitated diffusion is like simple diffusion except that a carrier or transport
protein is needed to facilitate solute movement across the membrane. true/false
true
Active carrier transport and facilitated diffusion both use a carrier or transport
protein, but active carrier transport uses energy and moves with the
concentration gradient. true/false
false moves against the concentration gradient
A compound that is endocytosed is taken into the cell in vesicles formed from the
cell membrane. true/fals
true
Match each term with the correct thing it is taken up by
A. Monosachcarides B. Glucose/Galactose C. Fructose
1. SGLT1 2. GLUT5 3. enterocyte
A-3 B-1 C-2
GLUT transporters are active carrier transporters, as a result they use energy and
transport solutes against the concentration gradient. true/false
false use facilitated diffusion thus no energy use and with the concentration gradient
Lymph goes into blood via the thoracic duct true/false
true
How do long chain fatty acids differ between small chain fatty acids
long chain fatty acids are different b/c they don't go straight into the liver but instead into
the blood so the whole body gets first shot due to chylomicrons being to large and can
not go into capillaries
Capillaries in the small intestine join to the (blank) vein allowing transports of
(blank) to go directly to the (blank)
portal vein, monosaccharides, liver
Monosaccharides are absorbed into the lacteal and transported to the liver
through the portal vein. true/false
false capillaries
All glucose is taken up by the liver and phosphorylated to glucose-6-phosphate
inside hepatocytes to maintain the glucose concentration gradient. This prevents
the glucose from leaving the hepatocyte without the phosphate being removed.
true/false
false not all glucose is taken up by the liver only 30 to 40 percent
Following consumption of carbohydrates, increased blood glucose
concentrations are sensed by the alpha-cells in the pancreas, which secrete
glucagon that binds to the glucagon receptor, causing GLUT4 to move to the
surface of muscle and adipose cells to allow glucose uptake. true/false
false its by beta-cells
Low blood glucose concentrations are sensed by the alpha-cells in the pancreas,
which secrete glucagon that binds to the glucagon receptor, causing GLUT4 to
move to the surface of muscle and adipose cells to allow glucose uptake.
true/false
Answers)
Crypts of Lieberkuhn
pits b/w villi
Do crypts contain stem cells true/false
true
Enterocytes a type of cell from the stem cells in crypt mature as you go down
more into the crypts true/false
False enterocytes mature as the resin or migrate up the villus out of the crypt
What happen to enterocytes as they reach the top of the villus
They are sloughed off and either digested as lip and protein contain or excreted in feces
Absorption is defined as reaching the muscle true/false
false reaching the body circulation
Compounds that are taken up might not necessarily be absorbed because the
enterocyte containing the compound might be sloughed off before absorption
occurs. true/false
true
At the top of villi are the crypts of Lieberkühn which contain stem cells, many of
which differentiate to become enterocytes as they move down the villi, before
ultimately being sloughed off. true/false
false found in the pits between villi, and the enterocytes move up not down villi
Which is not a macronutrient digestion product ready for uptake
A. glucose B. tripeptide C. 2-monoglycerides D. fatty acids E. sucrose
E. sucrose
Which is not a protein the thelps move compounds through the phospholipid
bilayer cell membrane A. pump B. carrier C. channel D. transporter E. tunnel
E. tunnel
Active transport does not require energy to move with a concentration gradient
true/false
False passive does active requires energy to move against the concentration gradient
Cleaving a phosphate bond (dephosphorylation) generally releases energy.
true/false
true
Osmosis moves solvent instead of solute true/false
true
A solute moving from lower concentration to higher concentration across a
membrane is moving with its concentration gradient. true/false
false moving against its concentration gradient
What are the three forms of passive uptake/transport
simple diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion
n simple diffusion, a solute moves from a region with higher solute concentration
across a membrane to a region with lower solute concentration with the help of a
protein true/false
false everything is true accept it does not need help from a protein
, n osmosis, water moves from a region with higher solute concentration across a
membrane to a region with lower solute concentration. true/false
false low concentration to high concentration
Facilitated diffusion is like simple diffusion except that a carrier or transport
protein is needed to facilitate solute movement across the membrane. true/false
true
Active carrier transport and facilitated diffusion both use a carrier or transport
protein, but active carrier transport uses energy and moves with the
concentration gradient. true/false
false moves against the concentration gradient
A compound that is endocytosed is taken into the cell in vesicles formed from the
cell membrane. true/fals
true
Match each term with the correct thing it is taken up by
A. Monosachcarides B. Glucose/Galactose C. Fructose
1. SGLT1 2. GLUT5 3. enterocyte
A-3 B-1 C-2
GLUT transporters are active carrier transporters, as a result they use energy and
transport solutes against the concentration gradient. true/false
false use facilitated diffusion thus no energy use and with the concentration gradient
Lymph goes into blood via the thoracic duct true/false
true
How do long chain fatty acids differ between small chain fatty acids
long chain fatty acids are different b/c they don't go straight into the liver but instead into
the blood so the whole body gets first shot due to chylomicrons being to large and can
not go into capillaries
Capillaries in the small intestine join to the (blank) vein allowing transports of
(blank) to go directly to the (blank)
portal vein, monosaccharides, liver
Monosaccharides are absorbed into the lacteal and transported to the liver
through the portal vein. true/false
false capillaries
All glucose is taken up by the liver and phosphorylated to glucose-6-phosphate
inside hepatocytes to maintain the glucose concentration gradient. This prevents
the glucose from leaving the hepatocyte without the phosphate being removed.
true/false
false not all glucose is taken up by the liver only 30 to 40 percent
Following consumption of carbohydrates, increased blood glucose
concentrations are sensed by the alpha-cells in the pancreas, which secrete
glucagon that binds to the glucagon receptor, causing GLUT4 to move to the
surface of muscle and adipose cells to allow glucose uptake. true/false
false its by beta-cells
Low blood glucose concentrations are sensed by the alpha-cells in the pancreas,
which secrete glucagon that binds to the glucagon receptor, causing GLUT4 to
move to the surface of muscle and adipose cells to allow glucose uptake.
true/false
