NURS 102 MED SURG EXAM 1 (Answered)
VERIFIED SOLUTION
Severe Disability
Is present if a person is not able to perform 1 or more activities, uses assistive device
for mobility, or needs help from another person to accomplish basic activities.
Impairment
describes a loss or abnormal body structure or physiologic function, including mental
function.
Societal Participation
used in the WHO classification system in place of handicap to acknowledge the fact that
the environment is always interacting with people to either assist or hinder participation
in life activities.
According to the WHO what percentage of the world has some type of disability?
15%
Cognitive Disability
Defined as limitations in mental functioning and difficulties with communication, self-
care, and difficulty with social skills
Developmental Disability
Occurs any time from birth to 22 years of age and result in impairment of physical or
mental health, cognition, speech, language, or self-care
What are some examples of Developmental Disabilities?
spina bifida, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, muscular dystrophy, dwarfism, and
osteogenesis imperfecta
Intellectual Disabilities
occurs before 18 years of age and is characterized by significant limitations in both
intellectual functioning as well as in adaptive behavior, including many everyday social
and practical skills.
Sensory Disability
Characterized by impairment of the sense of sight, hearing, smell, touch, and/or taste.
Includes ability to learn, remember, concentrate, speak/communicate, care for oneself.
Invisible Disability
Not immediately noticed by the naked eye, it may be mental or emotional
Secondary Health Conditions
any physical, mental, or social disorders resulting directly or indirectly from an initial
disabling condition
The Medical Model of Disability
understands persons with disabilities as having atypical bodies and/or minds that are
deviant, pathological, and defective. Disability is a condition in need of "treatment" and a
"cure." The problem of disability is located in the individual, defective body.
The Rehabilitation Model of Disability
Regards disability as a deficiency that requires a rehabilitation specialist or other
helping professional to fix the problem. People with disabilities are often perceived as
having failed if they do not overcome the disability.
, The Social Model of Disability
Also referred to as the barriers or disability model, views disability as socially
constructed and as a political issue that is a result of social and physical barriers in the
environment. Its perspective is that disability can be overcome by removal of these
barriers.
The Biopsychosocial Model of Disability
integrates the medical and social models to address perspectives of health from a
biologic, individual, and social perspective
The Functional Model
considers disability as an umbrella term for impairments, activity limitations, participation
restrictions, and their interaction with environmental factors. Addresses components of
health rather than consequences of disease.
The Interface Model
promotes care designed to be empowering rather than care that promotes dependency.
It takes into account the disabling condition and its disabling effects. Furthermore, it
promotes the view that people with disabilities are capable, responsible people who are
able to function effectively despite having a disability.
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973
protects people from discrimination based on their disability. This act applies to
employers and organizations that receive financial assistance from any federal
department or agency, including many hospitals, long-term care facilities, mental health
centers, and human service programs
The ADA (1990)
mandates that people with disabilities have access to job opportunities and to the
community without discrimination based on having a disability
Reasonable Accommodation
Modifications or adjustments to a job or job application process that accommodate
persons with disabilities but do not impose a disproportionate or undue burden on the
employer.
United Nations Conventions on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD)
identifies the rights of people with disabilities to receive the highest standard of health
care, without discrimination
Structural Barriers for Disability
stairs, lack of ramps, and narrow doorways may prevent people who are wheelchair
users from entering facilities, restroom facilities that lack grab bars or sufficiently large
restroom stalls, elevated toilet seats, and accessible sinks
Non-Visible Barriers for Disability
negative and stereotypical attitudes (e.g., believing that all people with disabilities have
a poor quality of life and are dependent and nonproductive) on the part of the public.
Medicare
A federal program of health insurance for persons 65 years of age and older, people
with permanent kidney injury, and qualified people with disabilities.
Title II of the Social Security Disability Insurance
provides for payment of disability benefits to disabled individuals who are "insured"
under the Act by virtue of their contributions to the Social Security trust fund through the
VERIFIED SOLUTION
Severe Disability
Is present if a person is not able to perform 1 or more activities, uses assistive device
for mobility, or needs help from another person to accomplish basic activities.
Impairment
describes a loss or abnormal body structure or physiologic function, including mental
function.
Societal Participation
used in the WHO classification system in place of handicap to acknowledge the fact that
the environment is always interacting with people to either assist or hinder participation
in life activities.
According to the WHO what percentage of the world has some type of disability?
15%
Cognitive Disability
Defined as limitations in mental functioning and difficulties with communication, self-
care, and difficulty with social skills
Developmental Disability
Occurs any time from birth to 22 years of age and result in impairment of physical or
mental health, cognition, speech, language, or self-care
What are some examples of Developmental Disabilities?
spina bifida, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, muscular dystrophy, dwarfism, and
osteogenesis imperfecta
Intellectual Disabilities
occurs before 18 years of age and is characterized by significant limitations in both
intellectual functioning as well as in adaptive behavior, including many everyday social
and practical skills.
Sensory Disability
Characterized by impairment of the sense of sight, hearing, smell, touch, and/or taste.
Includes ability to learn, remember, concentrate, speak/communicate, care for oneself.
Invisible Disability
Not immediately noticed by the naked eye, it may be mental or emotional
Secondary Health Conditions
any physical, mental, or social disorders resulting directly or indirectly from an initial
disabling condition
The Medical Model of Disability
understands persons with disabilities as having atypical bodies and/or minds that are
deviant, pathological, and defective. Disability is a condition in need of "treatment" and a
"cure." The problem of disability is located in the individual, defective body.
The Rehabilitation Model of Disability
Regards disability as a deficiency that requires a rehabilitation specialist or other
helping professional to fix the problem. People with disabilities are often perceived as
having failed if they do not overcome the disability.
, The Social Model of Disability
Also referred to as the barriers or disability model, views disability as socially
constructed and as a political issue that is a result of social and physical barriers in the
environment. Its perspective is that disability can be overcome by removal of these
barriers.
The Biopsychosocial Model of Disability
integrates the medical and social models to address perspectives of health from a
biologic, individual, and social perspective
The Functional Model
considers disability as an umbrella term for impairments, activity limitations, participation
restrictions, and their interaction with environmental factors. Addresses components of
health rather than consequences of disease.
The Interface Model
promotes care designed to be empowering rather than care that promotes dependency.
It takes into account the disabling condition and its disabling effects. Furthermore, it
promotes the view that people with disabilities are capable, responsible people who are
able to function effectively despite having a disability.
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973
protects people from discrimination based on their disability. This act applies to
employers and organizations that receive financial assistance from any federal
department or agency, including many hospitals, long-term care facilities, mental health
centers, and human service programs
The ADA (1990)
mandates that people with disabilities have access to job opportunities and to the
community without discrimination based on having a disability
Reasonable Accommodation
Modifications or adjustments to a job or job application process that accommodate
persons with disabilities but do not impose a disproportionate or undue burden on the
employer.
United Nations Conventions on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD)
identifies the rights of people with disabilities to receive the highest standard of health
care, without discrimination
Structural Barriers for Disability
stairs, lack of ramps, and narrow doorways may prevent people who are wheelchair
users from entering facilities, restroom facilities that lack grab bars or sufficiently large
restroom stalls, elevated toilet seats, and accessible sinks
Non-Visible Barriers for Disability
negative and stereotypical attitudes (e.g., believing that all people with disabilities have
a poor quality of life and are dependent and nonproductive) on the part of the public.
Medicare
A federal program of health insurance for persons 65 years of age and older, people
with permanent kidney injury, and qualified people with disabilities.
Title II of the Social Security Disability Insurance
provides for payment of disability benefits to disabled individuals who are "insured"
under the Act by virtue of their contributions to the Social Security trust fund through the
