FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING SPRING 2024 - EXAM 1
REVIEW
How often should an electronic BP cuff be calibrated?
Once a year
Holistic Health Model
The relationships among body, mind, and spirit that contribute to wellness.
1st Step of Scientific Method
Identify a problem
2nd Step of Scientific Method
Research and gather information
3rd Step of Scientific Method
Form a hypothesis
4th Step of Scientific Method
Test the hypothesis
5th Step of Scientific Method
Analyze data and draw conclusions
External Variables
Family practices, socioeconomic factors, cultural background
Primary Prevention Promotion
Education, nutrition, housing, marriage+sex education
Primary Prevention Protection
Immunization, hygiene, environmental sanitation, occupational hazards, accident
protection
Secondary Prevention - Prompt Dx and Tx
Mass screenings, cure/prevent. Limit disability and death.
Secondary Prevention - Disability Limiting
Stop disease process, prevent further harm, provision of facilities to prevent death and
disability
Tertiary Prevention
Rehabilitation to the highest level of functioning, helping disabled people return to work
and normal life. Prevent deterioration.
Normal Monocyte Range
2%-8%
Normal Eosinophil Range
1%-4%
Normal Basophil Range
0.5%-1.5%
Normal Lymphocyte Range
20-40%
What measures reduce fever?
Promotion of heat loss
Promotion of Heat Loss
antipyretics, removing covers, cooling blankets
Meperidine (Demerol)
, opioid analgesic that can promote heat loss through PREVENTING shivering
Risk Factors in Young-Middle Adults
Firearms, substance abuse, inadequate nutrition
Risk Factors in Older Adults
Falling
Risk Factors in Adolescents
Suicide
External Variables
social support, illness visibility, culture, economic background, access to healthcare
Internal Variables
Patient's perception of disease, coping skills, locus of control
Impacts of Illness on the Patient/Family
body image, emotional changes, self concept, family roles
Healthy People 2030
Attain healthy, thriving lives and well-being, free of preventable disease, disability, injury
and premature death.
Fear of Falling
excessive anxiety about falling that leads to activity avoidance and decline in functioning
Educating on fall risk, changes in gait after a stroke, and aging
Reduces fear of falling, in turn encouraging patients to maintain mobility and functioning
Circadian Temperature Rhythm
24hr body temperature variance - 0.5 to 1 C
Magnet Recognition Program - Components
Transformational leadership, structural empowerment, strong professional practice
Magnet Recognition Program - Forces of Magnetism
nursing leadership quality, quality of care, quality improvement, structure, policies,
autonomy
Disinfecting Process
Rinse tool with water, greater # of pathogens = greater amount of disinfectant required
Sustained Fever
remains elevated with little fluctuation
Intermittent Fever
Fluctuating fever that returns to or below baseline then rises again.
Remittent Fever
Fluctuating, remains elevated and does not return to baseline
Relapsing Fever
Febrile periods over 24 hours, return to baseline over the next 24 hours, and then return
of fever over the next day
Heatstroke
104 F +, hot dry skin, delirium/coma/convulsions, thirst, nausea, cramps, visual
disturbances, high HR/low BP
Celsius to Fahrenheit Conversion
F = (C * 1.8) + 32
Fahrenheit to Celsius Conversion
C = (F - 32) / 1.8
Nursing Intervention - Minimize Heat Production
REVIEW
How often should an electronic BP cuff be calibrated?
Once a year
Holistic Health Model
The relationships among body, mind, and spirit that contribute to wellness.
1st Step of Scientific Method
Identify a problem
2nd Step of Scientific Method
Research and gather information
3rd Step of Scientific Method
Form a hypothesis
4th Step of Scientific Method
Test the hypothesis
5th Step of Scientific Method
Analyze data and draw conclusions
External Variables
Family practices, socioeconomic factors, cultural background
Primary Prevention Promotion
Education, nutrition, housing, marriage+sex education
Primary Prevention Protection
Immunization, hygiene, environmental sanitation, occupational hazards, accident
protection
Secondary Prevention - Prompt Dx and Tx
Mass screenings, cure/prevent. Limit disability and death.
Secondary Prevention - Disability Limiting
Stop disease process, prevent further harm, provision of facilities to prevent death and
disability
Tertiary Prevention
Rehabilitation to the highest level of functioning, helping disabled people return to work
and normal life. Prevent deterioration.
Normal Monocyte Range
2%-8%
Normal Eosinophil Range
1%-4%
Normal Basophil Range
0.5%-1.5%
Normal Lymphocyte Range
20-40%
What measures reduce fever?
Promotion of heat loss
Promotion of Heat Loss
antipyretics, removing covers, cooling blankets
Meperidine (Demerol)
, opioid analgesic that can promote heat loss through PREVENTING shivering
Risk Factors in Young-Middle Adults
Firearms, substance abuse, inadequate nutrition
Risk Factors in Older Adults
Falling
Risk Factors in Adolescents
Suicide
External Variables
social support, illness visibility, culture, economic background, access to healthcare
Internal Variables
Patient's perception of disease, coping skills, locus of control
Impacts of Illness on the Patient/Family
body image, emotional changes, self concept, family roles
Healthy People 2030
Attain healthy, thriving lives and well-being, free of preventable disease, disability, injury
and premature death.
Fear of Falling
excessive anxiety about falling that leads to activity avoidance and decline in functioning
Educating on fall risk, changes in gait after a stroke, and aging
Reduces fear of falling, in turn encouraging patients to maintain mobility and functioning
Circadian Temperature Rhythm
24hr body temperature variance - 0.5 to 1 C
Magnet Recognition Program - Components
Transformational leadership, structural empowerment, strong professional practice
Magnet Recognition Program - Forces of Magnetism
nursing leadership quality, quality of care, quality improvement, structure, policies,
autonomy
Disinfecting Process
Rinse tool with water, greater # of pathogens = greater amount of disinfectant required
Sustained Fever
remains elevated with little fluctuation
Intermittent Fever
Fluctuating fever that returns to or below baseline then rises again.
Remittent Fever
Fluctuating, remains elevated and does not return to baseline
Relapsing Fever
Febrile periods over 24 hours, return to baseline over the next 24 hours, and then return
of fever over the next day
Heatstroke
104 F +, hot dry skin, delirium/coma/convulsions, thirst, nausea, cramps, visual
disturbances, high HR/low BP
Celsius to Fahrenheit Conversion
F = (C * 1.8) + 32
Fahrenheit to Celsius Conversion
C = (F - 32) / 1.8
Nursing Intervention - Minimize Heat Production
