D265 Critical Thinking Already Passed
1). What is a proposition?
Ans: A statement that is either true or false.
2). What is a non-propositions?
Ans: Sentences that are not statements about matters of fact (or fiction). They do not
make a claim that can be true or false.
3). What are simple propositions?
Ans: Have no internal logical structure, meaning they are true or false on their own.
4). What are complex propositions?
Ans: Have an internal logical structure, meaning they are composed of simple
propositions.
5). What is a premise?
Ans: Are the claims, evidence, ideas, and so forth intended to support the conclusion.
6). What is a conclusion?
Ans: Is the claim that the whole argument is intended to support or demonstrate or
prove.
7). What does a deductive argument mean?
Ans: Arguments where the premises guarantee or necessitate the conclusion.
8). What inductive argument mean?
Ans: Arguments where the premises make the conclusion probable.
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, 9). What does abduction in an argument mean?
Ans: Arguments where the best available explanation is chosen as the correct
explanation.
10). What does validity mean?
Ans: In a good deductive argument structure, true premises would make the conclusion
necessarily true. (If not, it is an invalid structure.)
11). What does soundness in an argument mean?
Ans: If it has a valid structure and all its premises are true.
12). What does unsound mean in an argument?
Ans: If an argument is deductive but has either an invalid structure or at least one false
premise.
13). What does it mean when an argument is invalid?
Ans: Is one where the conclusion is not proven by its premises.
14). What does strong mean in an inductive argument?
Ans: The truth of the premises would make the conclusion probably true.
15). What does a cogency argument mean?
Ans: Is an inductive argument that is strong and all its premises are true.
16). What does an uncogent argument mean?
Ans: It is an argument that is inductive but either is weak or has at least one false
premise.
17). What is a fallacy?
Ans: Common mistake in reasoning.
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1). What is a proposition?
Ans: A statement that is either true or false.
2). What is a non-propositions?
Ans: Sentences that are not statements about matters of fact (or fiction). They do not
make a claim that can be true or false.
3). What are simple propositions?
Ans: Have no internal logical structure, meaning they are true or false on their own.
4). What are complex propositions?
Ans: Have an internal logical structure, meaning they are composed of simple
propositions.
5). What is a premise?
Ans: Are the claims, evidence, ideas, and so forth intended to support the conclusion.
6). What is a conclusion?
Ans: Is the claim that the whole argument is intended to support or demonstrate or
prove.
7). What does a deductive argument mean?
Ans: Arguments where the premises guarantee or necessitate the conclusion.
8). What inductive argument mean?
Ans: Arguments where the premises make the conclusion probable.
PaperStoc.com Page 1 of 9
, 9). What does abduction in an argument mean?
Ans: Arguments where the best available explanation is chosen as the correct
explanation.
10). What does validity mean?
Ans: In a good deductive argument structure, true premises would make the conclusion
necessarily true. (If not, it is an invalid structure.)
11). What does soundness in an argument mean?
Ans: If it has a valid structure and all its premises are true.
12). What does unsound mean in an argument?
Ans: If an argument is deductive but has either an invalid structure or at least one false
premise.
13). What does it mean when an argument is invalid?
Ans: Is one where the conclusion is not proven by its premises.
14). What does strong mean in an inductive argument?
Ans: The truth of the premises would make the conclusion probably true.
15). What does a cogency argument mean?
Ans: Is an inductive argument that is strong and all its premises are true.
16). What does an uncogent argument mean?
Ans: It is an argument that is inductive but either is weak or has at least one false
premise.
17). What is a fallacy?
Ans: Common mistake in reasoning.
PaperStoc.com Page 2 of 9
