KARPAGAM ACADEMY OF HIGHER EDUCATION
CLASS: I B.Sc. CS (AI&DS) & I B.Sc. CS (Cog Sys), COURSE CODE: 22ADU101,22CGU101
BATCH-2022-2025
COURSE NAME: Problem Solving Techniques
Unit III - Flowcharts, Basics of C Programming Language
UNIT-III Syllabus
Unit III – Flowcharts, Basics of C Programming Language
Flowcharts: Types of Flowcharts, Advantage and Disadvantage of Flowchart. Pseudocode:
Definition and Its Characteristics Control Statements Basics of C Programming Language:
Usage of Character Set, Meaning of Keywords and Identifiers, Role of Data Types, Constants
and Variables
Unit III
.
Flowcharts
Flowchart and its types:
Flowcharts are nothing but the graphical representation of the data or the algorithm for
a better understanding of the code visually. It displays step-by-step solutions to a problem,
algorithm, or process. It is a pictorial way of representing steps that are preferred by most
beginner-level programmers to understand algorithms of computer science, thus it contributes
to troubleshooting the issues in the algorithm. A flowchart is a picture of boxes that indicates
the process flow in a sequential manner. Since a flowchart is a pictorial representation of a
process or algorithm, it’s easy to interpret and understand the process. To draw a flowchart,
certain rules need to be followed which are followed by all professionals to draw a flowchart
and is widely accepted all over the countries.
Use of a flowchart
Following are the uses of a flowchart:
It is a pictorial representation of an algorithm that increases the readability of the pro-
gram.
Complex programs can be drawn in a simple way using a flowchart.
It helps team members get an insight into the process and use this knowledge to col-
lect data, detect problems, develop software, etc.
A flowchart is a basic step for designing a new process or adds extra features.
Communication with other people becomes easy by drawing flowcharts and sharing
them.
Types of Flowcharts
Three types of flowcharts are listed below:
Process flowchart: This type of flowchart shows all the activities that are involved in making
a product. It basically provides a pathway to analyze the product to be built. A process
flowchart is most commonly used in process engineering to illustrate the relation between the
major as well as minor components present in the product. It is used in business product
modelling to help understand employees about the project requirements and gain some insight
about the project.
Data flowchart: As the name suggests, the data flowchart is used to analyze the data,
specifically it helps in analyzing the structural details related to the project. Using this
flowchart, one can easily understand the data inflow and outflow from the system. It is most
commonly used to manage data or to analyze information to and fro from the system.
Prepared by :,S.Sumathi, Department of Computer Science, KAHE 1
, KARPAGAM ACADEMY OF HIGHER EDUCATION
CLASS: I B.Sc. CS (AI&DS) & I B.Sc. CS (Cog Sys), COURSE CODE: 22ADU101,22CGU101
BATCH-2022-2025
COURSE NAME: Problem Solving Techniques
Unit III - Flowcharts, Basics of C Programming Language
Business Process Modelling Diagram: Using this flowchart or diagram, one can analytically
represent the business process and help simplify the concepts needed to understand business
activities and the flow of information. This flowchart illustrates the business process and
models graphically which paves a way for process improvement.
Types of boxes used to make a flowchart
There are different types of boxes that are used to make flowcharts. All the different kinds of
boxes are connected to one another by arrow lines. Arrow lines is used to display the flow of
control. Let’s learn about each box in detail.
1. Terminal
This box is of an oval shape which is used to indicate the start or end of the program. Every
flowchart diagram has this oval shape that depicts the start of an algorithm and another oval
shape that depicts the end of an algorithm. For example:
2. Data
This is a parallelogram-shaped box inside which the inputs or outputs are written. This
basically depicts the information that is entering the system or algorithm and the information
that is leaving the system or algorithm. For example: if the user wants to input a from the user
and display it, the flowchart for this would be:
Prepared by :,S.Sumathi, Department of Computer Science, KAHE 2
CLASS: I B.Sc. CS (AI&DS) & I B.Sc. CS (Cog Sys), COURSE CODE: 22ADU101,22CGU101
BATCH-2022-2025
COURSE NAME: Problem Solving Techniques
Unit III - Flowcharts, Basics of C Programming Language
UNIT-III Syllabus
Unit III – Flowcharts, Basics of C Programming Language
Flowcharts: Types of Flowcharts, Advantage and Disadvantage of Flowchart. Pseudocode:
Definition and Its Characteristics Control Statements Basics of C Programming Language:
Usage of Character Set, Meaning of Keywords and Identifiers, Role of Data Types, Constants
and Variables
Unit III
.
Flowcharts
Flowchart and its types:
Flowcharts are nothing but the graphical representation of the data or the algorithm for
a better understanding of the code visually. It displays step-by-step solutions to a problem,
algorithm, or process. It is a pictorial way of representing steps that are preferred by most
beginner-level programmers to understand algorithms of computer science, thus it contributes
to troubleshooting the issues in the algorithm. A flowchart is a picture of boxes that indicates
the process flow in a sequential manner. Since a flowchart is a pictorial representation of a
process or algorithm, it’s easy to interpret and understand the process. To draw a flowchart,
certain rules need to be followed which are followed by all professionals to draw a flowchart
and is widely accepted all over the countries.
Use of a flowchart
Following are the uses of a flowchart:
It is a pictorial representation of an algorithm that increases the readability of the pro-
gram.
Complex programs can be drawn in a simple way using a flowchart.
It helps team members get an insight into the process and use this knowledge to col-
lect data, detect problems, develop software, etc.
A flowchart is a basic step for designing a new process or adds extra features.
Communication with other people becomes easy by drawing flowcharts and sharing
them.
Types of Flowcharts
Three types of flowcharts are listed below:
Process flowchart: This type of flowchart shows all the activities that are involved in making
a product. It basically provides a pathway to analyze the product to be built. A process
flowchart is most commonly used in process engineering to illustrate the relation between the
major as well as minor components present in the product. It is used in business product
modelling to help understand employees about the project requirements and gain some insight
about the project.
Data flowchart: As the name suggests, the data flowchart is used to analyze the data,
specifically it helps in analyzing the structural details related to the project. Using this
flowchart, one can easily understand the data inflow and outflow from the system. It is most
commonly used to manage data or to analyze information to and fro from the system.
Prepared by :,S.Sumathi, Department of Computer Science, KAHE 1
, KARPAGAM ACADEMY OF HIGHER EDUCATION
CLASS: I B.Sc. CS (AI&DS) & I B.Sc. CS (Cog Sys), COURSE CODE: 22ADU101,22CGU101
BATCH-2022-2025
COURSE NAME: Problem Solving Techniques
Unit III - Flowcharts, Basics of C Programming Language
Business Process Modelling Diagram: Using this flowchart or diagram, one can analytically
represent the business process and help simplify the concepts needed to understand business
activities and the flow of information. This flowchart illustrates the business process and
models graphically which paves a way for process improvement.
Types of boxes used to make a flowchart
There are different types of boxes that are used to make flowcharts. All the different kinds of
boxes are connected to one another by arrow lines. Arrow lines is used to display the flow of
control. Let’s learn about each box in detail.
1. Terminal
This box is of an oval shape which is used to indicate the start or end of the program. Every
flowchart diagram has this oval shape that depicts the start of an algorithm and another oval
shape that depicts the end of an algorithm. For example:
2. Data
This is a parallelogram-shaped box inside which the inputs or outputs are written. This
basically depicts the information that is entering the system or algorithm and the information
that is leaving the system or algorithm. For example: if the user wants to input a from the user
and display it, the flowchart for this would be:
Prepared by :,S.Sumathi, Department of Computer Science, KAHE 2
