LVN FUNDAMENTALS Exam Questions with Complete Solutions

LVN FUNDAMENTALS Exam Questions with Complete Solutions What are the leadership styles? - ANSWER autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire What is the most effective management style in a health care environment? - ANSWER democratic A nurse manager does not participate, but delegates the staff scheduling to the nurses on the unit. What type of leadership is this? - ANSWER Laissez-faire - A policy or attitude of letting things takes their own course without interfering A nurse manager allows the staff nurses to participate in trial use of new IV pumps and contribute input when choosing new product. What type of leadership is this? - ANSWER Democratic A nurse manager makes a decision for the staff to wear blue scrubs without consulting the staff nurses. What type of leadership is this? - ANSWER Authoritative 5 rights of delegation - ANSWER right person right tasks right circumstances right direction and communication right supervision and evaluation tasks are most appropriately delegated to assistive personnel (AP) - ANSWER Activities of daily living Ambulating Feeding Positioning Vital signs (on stable clients) Intake and output appropriate tasks can be delegated to an LVN/LPN - ANSWER Tracheostomy care Suctioning Inserting urinary catheter Checking nasogastric tube patency Medication administration Sterile specimen collection Reinforcing client teaching tasks RN cannot delegate - ANSWER Nursing process Client education Tasks that require nursing judgment including care of unstable client. Skills of Assistive Personnel (AP) or Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP) - ANSWER Performs basic hygiene care and grooming Reports to the LPN or RN Provides assistance with ADLs - nutrition, elimination, mobility Performs basic skills: Vital Signs, Pulse Ox, I&O. Emphasis is on maintaining a safe environment and recognizing situations to report to immediate superior. Noninvasive skills and do not require sterile technique. Skills of LVN/LPN - ANSWER Meets the health needs of a client Care for clients whose condition is considered to be stable or chronic with expected outcome Performs reinforcement teaching Contributes to care plan through discussing client problems/findings with the RN Calculates and monitors IV flow rate Administer IVPB medications Monitor IV fluids Prioritization Principles in client care - ANSWER * Air, breathing, Circulation * Nursing Process (always assess first) * Prioritize systemic before local (life b4 limb) * Prioritize acute before chronic *Prioritize Actual problems before potential future problems * Prioritize according to Maslow's Hierarchy of needs * Recognize and respond to trends vs. transient findings * Recognize signs of emergencies and complications vs. expected findings * Apply clinical knowledge to procedural standards to determine the priority action. The right to make one's own decisions - ANSWER Autonomy The obligation to do good for others. - ANSWER Beneficence The obligation to observe the privacy of another and maintain strict confidence - ANSWER Confidentiality