NSC EXAM 2024 LATEST ACTUAL EXAM WELL ELABORATED QUESTIONS AND DETAILED CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+

What is necessary for cell membranes and lipoprotein structure? - ANSWER- phospholipids What does the body release when blood sugar is high? - ANSWER- insulin (when digesting new food) What does the body release when blood glucose is low? - ANSWER- glucagon (when hungry) Which mineral helps give methionine and cysteine their three-dimensional shape and is found in hair and nails? - ANSWER- sulfur A goiter is caused by a deficiency in what mineral? - ANSWER- Iodine The average healthy adult is about ____% of water. - ANSWER- 55 or 60 What is the micronutrient that functions as the amino acid vitamin? - ANSWER- vitamin B6 How many calories are in a gram of fat? - ANSWER- 9 calories How many calories are in a gram of protein? - ANSWER- 4 calories How many calories are in a gram of carbs? - ANSWER- 4 calories What is nutrigenomics? - ANSWER- scientific study of the interaction of nutrition and genes What are macronutrients? - ANSWER- carbohydrates, fats, proteins What are the micronutrients? - ANSWER- vitamins and minerals What cannot be digested? - ANSWER- fiber Define energy balance - ANSWER- energy in = energy out What are the five characteristics of a nutritious diet? - ANSWER- balance, adequacy, calorie control, moderation, variety What is adequacy? - ANSWER- foods that provide enough of each essential nutrient, fiber, energy What is balance? - ANSWER- the choices do not overemphasize one nutrient or food type at the expense of another What is calorie control? - ANSWER- staying within your energy balance What is energy balance? - ANSWER- energy in = energy out What is moderation? - ANSWER- taking in more nutrient dense foods and less of the "junk" What is variety? - ANSWER- within a food group, eating different things What are observational studies? - ANSWER- Observational Study: the researcher carefully and systematically observes and records behavior without interfering with the behavior. What are some observational studies? - ANSWER- Epidemiological studies, Crosssectional studies, Case-control studies, Cohort studies What are experimental studies? - ANSWER- these are controlled tests of a hypothesis in which the researcher manipulates an independent variable to discover its effect on a dependent variable. What are some experimental studies? - ANSWER- Laboratory-based animal studies, Laboratory-based in vitro studies, Human intervention (clinical) trials, Cross-over design What do case studies do? - ANSWER- May lead to possible avenues of research What does a epidemiological study do? - ANSWER- Looks for correlations in large populations What does an intervention study do? - ANSWER- Alter people's eating habits and examine effects What does a laboratory study do? - ANSWER- Pinpoint mechanisms by which nutrition act What is the major role in the body that all vitamins and minerals share? - ANSWER- to act as regulators in the body processes The percent DV given on a food label is based on _________ calories a day? - ANSWER- 2,000 calories