THE SOCIOLOGICAL SELF
Microsociology: Study of everyday behavior during face-to-face interaction.
Macrosociology: Analysis of the large-scale social systems
Auguste Comte [1798 - 1857]
- Coined the term ‘’Sociology’’
> Positivism: Sociology should be based on empirical observation.
> Focused on Social Statics and Social Dynamics
- Social Statics: Study about forces which produce order and stability
- Social Dynamics: Study about forces which contribute to social change.
Harriet Martineau [1802 - 1876]
- Translated Comte’s Works
- Focused on ignored issues such as women, marriage, children, religious life,
race, etc.
- First female sociologist
> Believes society should be studied holistically [relating to the whole of something
or to the total system instead of just to its parts.] to understand what is beneath
underlying issues.
Herbert Spencer [1820 - 1903]
- Authored the first sociology text: Principles of Sociology
- Advocate of Evolution
- Propose the doctrine of ‘Social Darwinism’
- ‘Survival of The Fittest’
> Suggested that people who can't compete are poorly adapted to the environment
and are inferior.
Karl Marx [1818 - 1883]
- Father of Conflict Theory
> Saw history in continual state of conflict between Bourgeoisie and Proletariat
- Bourgeoisie: owners of the means of production [capitalists]
- Proletariat: workers
, > Predicted revolution would occur producing first a socialist state followed by
communist society.
Emile Durkhein [1858 - 1917]
- Believes that Social Science is the key against ‘Anomie’
- Continuation of society depends on cooperation
- Anomie: Problematic norms in a society
> Organic Solidarity: achieved through division of labor which can lead to people
being dependent on each other.
> Suicide: Due to lack of Social Integration.
Max Weber [1864 - 1920]
- Author of ‘The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism.’
- Protestantism led to Capitalism
- Believes that ideas and values have a strong impact on social change.
C. Wright Mills
- Coined the term ‘Sociological Imagination’
> Sociological imagination refers to the vivid awareness of the relationship between
private experience and the wider society.
Microsociology: Study of everyday behavior during face-to-face interaction.
Macrosociology: Analysis of the large-scale social systems
Auguste Comte [1798 - 1857]
- Coined the term ‘’Sociology’’
> Positivism: Sociology should be based on empirical observation.
> Focused on Social Statics and Social Dynamics
- Social Statics: Study about forces which produce order and stability
- Social Dynamics: Study about forces which contribute to social change.
Harriet Martineau [1802 - 1876]
- Translated Comte’s Works
- Focused on ignored issues such as women, marriage, children, religious life,
race, etc.
- First female sociologist
> Believes society should be studied holistically [relating to the whole of something
or to the total system instead of just to its parts.] to understand what is beneath
underlying issues.
Herbert Spencer [1820 - 1903]
- Authored the first sociology text: Principles of Sociology
- Advocate of Evolution
- Propose the doctrine of ‘Social Darwinism’
- ‘Survival of The Fittest’
> Suggested that people who can't compete are poorly adapted to the environment
and are inferior.
Karl Marx [1818 - 1883]
- Father of Conflict Theory
> Saw history in continual state of conflict between Bourgeoisie and Proletariat
- Bourgeoisie: owners of the means of production [capitalists]
- Proletariat: workers
, > Predicted revolution would occur producing first a socialist state followed by
communist society.
Emile Durkhein [1858 - 1917]
- Believes that Social Science is the key against ‘Anomie’
- Continuation of society depends on cooperation
- Anomie: Problematic norms in a society
> Organic Solidarity: achieved through division of labor which can lead to people
being dependent on each other.
> Suicide: Due to lack of Social Integration.
Max Weber [1864 - 1920]
- Author of ‘The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism.’
- Protestantism led to Capitalism
- Believes that ideas and values have a strong impact on social change.
C. Wright Mills
- Coined the term ‘Sociological Imagination’
> Sociological imagination refers to the vivid awareness of the relationship between
private experience and the wider society.
