TEST BANK FOR CANADIAN FUNDAMENTALS OF
NURSING,6TH EDITION.
Chapter 01: Health and Wellness
Potter et al: Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing, 6th Edition
MULTIPLE
CHOICE
• The nurse is using the population health promotion model to develop actions for
improving health. After asking, “On what should we take action?”; “How should we
takeaction?”; and “Why should we take action?” the nurse will ask which of the
following questions?
A. “With whom should we act?”
B. “When should we take action?”
C. “Which government should take action?”
D. “Where should we first act?”
ANS: A
The next question to ask when using the population health model approach is “With
whom
should we act?” The other choices are not questions included in this model.
DIF: Apply REF: 13 (Figure 1-5)
OBJ: Contrast distinguishing features of health promotion and disease prevention.
TOP: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
• The principle “Health promotion is multisectoral” means which of the following?
A. Relationships between individual, social, and environmental factors
must berecognized.
B. Physical, mental, social, ecological, cultural, and spiritual aspects of health
mustbe recognized.
C. In order to change unhealthy living and working conditions, areas other than
healthmust also be involved.
D. Health promotion uses knowledge from disciplines such as social, economic,
political, environmental, medical, and nursing sciences, as well as from first-
handexperience.
ANS: C
The statement “Health promotion is multisectoral” is the principle explained by
the necessity to involve areas other than health in order to change unhealthy
living andworking conditions.
, DIF: Understand REF: 11
OBJ: Contrast distinguishing features of health promotion and disease
prevention.TOP: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
• According to the World Health Organization, what is the best description of “health”?
A. Simply the absence of disease.
B. Involving the total person and environment.
C. Strictly personal in nature.
D. Status of pathological state.
ANS: B
WHO defines health as “. . .the extent to which an individual or group is able, on the
one hand, to realize aspirations and satisfy needs; and, on the other hand, to change
or cope with the environment. Health is, therefore, seen as a resource for everyday
life, not the objective of living; it is a positive concept emphasizing social and
personal resources, as well as physical capacities.” Nurses' attitudes toward health
and illness should consider the total person, as well as the environment in which the
person lives. People free of disease are not equally healthy. Views of health have
broadened to include mental, social,and spiritual well-being, as well as a focus on
health at family and community levels.
Conditions of life, rather than pathological states, are what determine health.
DIF: Knowledge REF: 2
OBJ: Discuss ways that definitions of health have been
conceptualized. TOP: EvaluateMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
• What priority strategy for health promotion in Canada is optional but seen as
important toincorporate in nursing education curricula?
A. Knowledge of disease prevention.
B. Strategies for health promotion.
C. Policy advocacy.
D. Concepts of determinants of health.
ANS: C
Increasingly, policy advocacy is incorporated into nursing role statements and
nursing education curricula. Nurses should think about policies that have
contributed to health problems, policies that would help alleviate health problems,
and how nurses championpublic policies. Disease prevention, health promotion, and
concepts of determinants of health are integral parts of nursing curricula.
DIF: Understand REF: 11| 12
OBJ: Analyze how the nature and scope of nursing practice are influenced by
differentconceptualizations of health and health determinants. TOP: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
,• Which of the following is a prerequisite for health, as identified by the Ottawa Charter
forHealth Promotion?
A. Education.
B. Social support.
C. Self-esteem.
D. Physical environment.
ANS: A
Education is one of the nine prerequisites for health that were identified in the Ottawa
Charter for Health Promotion. Lack of social support and low self-esteem were
identifiedas psychosocial risk factors by Labonte (1993). Dangerous physical
environments were identified as socioenvironmental risk factors by Labonte (1993).
DIF: Understand REF: 4
OBJ: Discuss contributions of the following Canadian publications to conceptualizations of
health and health determinants: Lalonde Report, Ottawa Charter, Epp Report, Strategies for
Population Health, Jakarta Declaration, Bangkok Charter, Toronto Charter. TOP:
PlanningMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
• The determinant of health with the greatest effect on the health of Canadians is
which ofthe following?
A. Education.
B. Health services.
C. Social support networks.
D. Income and social status.
ANS: D
Income, income distribution, and social status constitute the greatest determinant of
healthbecause they influence most other determinants. Some investigators suggest that
literacy and education are important influences on health status because they affect
many other health determinants. Approximately 25% of a population's health status is
attributed to thequality of its health care services. Social support affects health, health
behaviours, and health care utilization but is not the greatest determinant of health.
DIF: Understand REF: 6
OBJ: Discuss key health determinants and their interrelationships and how they influence
health.TOP: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
• A paraplegic patient in the hospital for an electrolyte imbalance is receiving care at
whichprevention level?
A. Primary prevention level.
B. Secondary prevention level.
C. Tertiary prevention level.
D. Health promotion level.
ANS: B
The secondary prevention level focuses on early detection of disease once
pathogenesis has occurred, so that prompt treatment can be initiated to halt disease and
, limit disability.The primary prevention level focuses on health promotion, specific
protection measures such as immunizations, and the reduction of risk factors such as
smoking. The tertiary prevention level focuses on minimizing residual disability.
DIF: Apply REF: 11
OBJ: Contrast distinguishing features of health promotion and disease prevention.
TOP: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
• The nurse incorporates levels of prevention on the basis of patient needs and the
type of nursing care provided. Which of the following is an example of tertiary level
preventivecaregiving?
A. Teaching a patient how to irrigate a new temporary colostomy.
B. Providing a lesson on hygiene for an elementary school class.
C. Informing a patient that immunizations for her infant are available through
thehealth department.
D. Arranging for a hospice nurse to visit with the family of a patient with cancer.
ANS: D
Tertiary prevention is provided when a defect or disability is permanent and
irreversible.At this level, the hospice nurse aims to help the patient and his or her
family to achieve ahigh level of function, despite the limitations caused by the
patient's illness. Teaching a patient how to irrigate a new colostomy is an example of
secondary prevention. If the colostomy is to be permanent, care may later move to
the tertiary level of prevention.
Providing a lesson on hygiene for an elementary school class and informing a
patientabout available immunizations are examples of primary prevention.
DIF: Apply REF: 11 OBJ: Discuss the three levels of disease
prevention. TOP: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
• The nurse is working on a committee to evaluate the need for increasing the levels of
fluoride in the drinking water of the community. In doing so, the nurse is fostering
whichconcept?
A. Anticipatory prevention.
B. Primary prevention.
C. Secondary prevention.
D. Tertiary prevention.
ANS: B
Fluoridation of municipal drinking water and fortification of homogenized milk with
vitamin D are examples of primary prevention strategies. With active strategies of
healthpromotion, individuals are motivated to adopt specific health programs such as
weight reduction and smoking cessation programs. “Anticipatory prevention” is not a
known concept. Secondary prevention promotes early detection of disease (e.g.,
screening).
NURSING,6TH EDITION.
Chapter 01: Health and Wellness
Potter et al: Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing, 6th Edition
MULTIPLE
CHOICE
• The nurse is using the population health promotion model to develop actions for
improving health. After asking, “On what should we take action?”; “How should we
takeaction?”; and “Why should we take action?” the nurse will ask which of the
following questions?
A. “With whom should we act?”
B. “When should we take action?”
C. “Which government should take action?”
D. “Where should we first act?”
ANS: A
The next question to ask when using the population health model approach is “With
whom
should we act?” The other choices are not questions included in this model.
DIF: Apply REF: 13 (Figure 1-5)
OBJ: Contrast distinguishing features of health promotion and disease prevention.
TOP: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
• The principle “Health promotion is multisectoral” means which of the following?
A. Relationships between individual, social, and environmental factors
must berecognized.
B. Physical, mental, social, ecological, cultural, and spiritual aspects of health
mustbe recognized.
C. In order to change unhealthy living and working conditions, areas other than
healthmust also be involved.
D. Health promotion uses knowledge from disciplines such as social, economic,
political, environmental, medical, and nursing sciences, as well as from first-
handexperience.
ANS: C
The statement “Health promotion is multisectoral” is the principle explained by
the necessity to involve areas other than health in order to change unhealthy
living andworking conditions.
, DIF: Understand REF: 11
OBJ: Contrast distinguishing features of health promotion and disease
prevention.TOP: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
• According to the World Health Organization, what is the best description of “health”?
A. Simply the absence of disease.
B. Involving the total person and environment.
C. Strictly personal in nature.
D. Status of pathological state.
ANS: B
WHO defines health as “. . .the extent to which an individual or group is able, on the
one hand, to realize aspirations and satisfy needs; and, on the other hand, to change
or cope with the environment. Health is, therefore, seen as a resource for everyday
life, not the objective of living; it is a positive concept emphasizing social and
personal resources, as well as physical capacities.” Nurses' attitudes toward health
and illness should consider the total person, as well as the environment in which the
person lives. People free of disease are not equally healthy. Views of health have
broadened to include mental, social,and spiritual well-being, as well as a focus on
health at family and community levels.
Conditions of life, rather than pathological states, are what determine health.
DIF: Knowledge REF: 2
OBJ: Discuss ways that definitions of health have been
conceptualized. TOP: EvaluateMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
• What priority strategy for health promotion in Canada is optional but seen as
important toincorporate in nursing education curricula?
A. Knowledge of disease prevention.
B. Strategies for health promotion.
C. Policy advocacy.
D. Concepts of determinants of health.
ANS: C
Increasingly, policy advocacy is incorporated into nursing role statements and
nursing education curricula. Nurses should think about policies that have
contributed to health problems, policies that would help alleviate health problems,
and how nurses championpublic policies. Disease prevention, health promotion, and
concepts of determinants of health are integral parts of nursing curricula.
DIF: Understand REF: 11| 12
OBJ: Analyze how the nature and scope of nursing practice are influenced by
differentconceptualizations of health and health determinants. TOP: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
,• Which of the following is a prerequisite for health, as identified by the Ottawa Charter
forHealth Promotion?
A. Education.
B. Social support.
C. Self-esteem.
D. Physical environment.
ANS: A
Education is one of the nine prerequisites for health that were identified in the Ottawa
Charter for Health Promotion. Lack of social support and low self-esteem were
identifiedas psychosocial risk factors by Labonte (1993). Dangerous physical
environments were identified as socioenvironmental risk factors by Labonte (1993).
DIF: Understand REF: 4
OBJ: Discuss contributions of the following Canadian publications to conceptualizations of
health and health determinants: Lalonde Report, Ottawa Charter, Epp Report, Strategies for
Population Health, Jakarta Declaration, Bangkok Charter, Toronto Charter. TOP:
PlanningMSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
• The determinant of health with the greatest effect on the health of Canadians is
which ofthe following?
A. Education.
B. Health services.
C. Social support networks.
D. Income and social status.
ANS: D
Income, income distribution, and social status constitute the greatest determinant of
healthbecause they influence most other determinants. Some investigators suggest that
literacy and education are important influences on health status because they affect
many other health determinants. Approximately 25% of a population's health status is
attributed to thequality of its health care services. Social support affects health, health
behaviours, and health care utilization but is not the greatest determinant of health.
DIF: Understand REF: 6
OBJ: Discuss key health determinants and their interrelationships and how they influence
health.TOP: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
• A paraplegic patient in the hospital for an electrolyte imbalance is receiving care at
whichprevention level?
A. Primary prevention level.
B. Secondary prevention level.
C. Tertiary prevention level.
D. Health promotion level.
ANS: B
The secondary prevention level focuses on early detection of disease once
pathogenesis has occurred, so that prompt treatment can be initiated to halt disease and
, limit disability.The primary prevention level focuses on health promotion, specific
protection measures such as immunizations, and the reduction of risk factors such as
smoking. The tertiary prevention level focuses on minimizing residual disability.
DIF: Apply REF: 11
OBJ: Contrast distinguishing features of health promotion and disease prevention.
TOP: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
• The nurse incorporates levels of prevention on the basis of patient needs and the
type of nursing care provided. Which of the following is an example of tertiary level
preventivecaregiving?
A. Teaching a patient how to irrigate a new temporary colostomy.
B. Providing a lesson on hygiene for an elementary school class.
C. Informing a patient that immunizations for her infant are available through
thehealth department.
D. Arranging for a hospice nurse to visit with the family of a patient with cancer.
ANS: D
Tertiary prevention is provided when a defect or disability is permanent and
irreversible.At this level, the hospice nurse aims to help the patient and his or her
family to achieve ahigh level of function, despite the limitations caused by the
patient's illness. Teaching a patient how to irrigate a new colostomy is an example of
secondary prevention. If the colostomy is to be permanent, care may later move to
the tertiary level of prevention.
Providing a lesson on hygiene for an elementary school class and informing a
patientabout available immunizations are examples of primary prevention.
DIF: Apply REF: 11 OBJ: Discuss the three levels of disease
prevention. TOP: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
• The nurse is working on a committee to evaluate the need for increasing the levels of
fluoride in the drinking water of the community. In doing so, the nurse is fostering
whichconcept?
A. Anticipatory prevention.
B. Primary prevention.
C. Secondary prevention.
D. Tertiary prevention.
ANS: B
Fluoridation of municipal drinking water and fortification of homogenized milk with
vitamin D are examples of primary prevention strategies. With active strategies of
healthpromotion, individuals are motivated to adopt specific health programs such as
weight reduction and smoking cessation programs. “Anticipatory prevention” is not a
known concept. Secondary prevention promotes early detection of disease (e.g.,
screening).
