NSC Exam 1 Questions with Complete
Solutions
Leading Cause of Death in United States - Answer-1. Heart Disease
2. Cancer
Lifestyle - Answer-a person's way of living that includes diet, physical activity habits, use
of drugs such as tobacco and alcohol, and other typical patterns of health-related
behavior
6 classes of nutrients - Answer-- carbohydrates
- fats and other lipids,
- proteins
- vitamins
- minerals
- water
Carbohydrates - Answer-Source of energy (most forms)
Lipids - Answer-Source of energy (fats), cellular development, physical growth and
development, regulation of body processes, absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
Proteins - Answer-Production of structural and functional components; cellular
development, growth, and maintenance; regulation of body processes; immune
function; fluid balance; source of energy
Vitamins - Answer-Regulation of body processes, maintenance of immune function,
production and maintenance of tissues, protection against agents that can damage
cellular components
Minerals - Answer-Regulation of body processes, including fluid balance; formation of
certain chemical messengers; structural and functional components of various
substances and tissues; necessary for physical growth, maintenance, and development
Water - Answer-Maintenance of fluid balance, regulation of body temperature,
elimination of wastes, transportation of substances, participant in many chemical
reactions
How many kilocalories are in a gram of carbohydrates? - Answer-4 kcal
How many kilocalories are in a gram of protein? - Answer-4 kcal
How many kilocalories are in a gram of fat? - Answer-9 kcal
,How many kilocalories are in a gram of alcohol? - Answer-7 kcal
Macronutrients - Answer-Name for carbohydrates, fats and proteins as the body needs
a relativity large amount of these nutrients daily. Supply energy for cells
Micronutrients - Answer-Name for vitamins and minerals as they body needs a very
small amount of these to function properly. Do not Supply energy for cells
Essential nutrients - Answer-Nutrients that must be supplied through food. About 50 of
them
Examples of some Essential Nutrients - Answer-Water
Vitamin A Vitamin C
B vitamins Vitamin D
Glucose
Minerals like calcium, sodium, chloride and Zinc
Fats that contain linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids
Some proteins (amino acids)
Chpt 1 mod 1.3 pg 10
Nonnutrients - Answer-Substances that are not nutrients but may have some healthful
benefits
Examples of nonnutrients - Answer-Alcohol, phytochemicals
phytochemicals - Answer-Compounds made in plants that are nonnutrients
examples of phytochemicals - Answer-- Alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lutein, lycopene
- Quercetin
- Anthocyanins - Resveratrol
- Isoflavonoids
- Sulfur compounds
- Caffeine
- Saponins
- Capsaicin
Dietary Supplement - Answer-a product (excluding tobacco) that contains a vitamin, a
mineral, an herb or other plant product, an amino acid, or a dietary substance that
supplements the diet by increasing total intake
Why are antioxidants important? - Answer-An antioxidant protects cells and their
components from being damaged or destroyed by chemically unstable factors
Empty calories - Answer-Calories from unhealthy types of fatm added sugar and/or
alcohol. Not a good source of vitamins and minerals. Foods like candies, pastries,
snack chips, sugar-sweetened drinks, and some alcoholic beverages
, Nutrient-dense - Answer-Describes foods or beverages that contain more beneficial
nutrients in relation to total calories. Foods like broccoli, leafy greens, fat-free milk,
orange juice , lean meats, and whole-grain cereals
Energy Density - Answer-describes the energy value of a food in relation to the food's
weight. Mostly high-fat foods like doughnuts and actual nuts
Scientific Method (for nutritional research) - Answer-1. Observe
2. Develop a Question
3. Test
4. Collect Information
5. Analyze the Findings
6. Form Conclusions
7. Share the results
8. Conduct more research
Double-Blind Study - Answer-Experimental design in which neither the participants nor
the researchers are aware of each participant's group assignment. Important as some
researchers and subjects may change their answers based on this info
Treatment group - Answer-Group being studied that receives a treatment
Control Group - Answer-Group being studied that does not receive treatment
Single-Blind Study - Answer-Experimental design in which the participants are not are
aware of each participant's group assignment but the researchers are. Can be less
reliable as the researches can use body language to sway results
Placebos - Answer-Fake treatment, such as a sham pill, injection, or medical procedure
Placebo Effect - Answer-Response to a placebo
How do researchers collect data on a population's health and food-related practices? -
Answer-Surveys
What do researchers of nutrition ask people in their surveys? - Answer-- Personal and
family medical histories
- environmental exposures
- dietary practices
why can results of similar studies provide different findings? - Answer-Its due to the
invidiual design of the experiment. the numbers, ages, and physical conditions of people
who participate in each study (subjects), the type and length of the study, the amount of
the treatment provided, and the methods used to analyze results typically vary among
studies. Not only are people genetically different, they also have different lifestyles, and
Solutions
Leading Cause of Death in United States - Answer-1. Heart Disease
2. Cancer
Lifestyle - Answer-a person's way of living that includes diet, physical activity habits, use
of drugs such as tobacco and alcohol, and other typical patterns of health-related
behavior
6 classes of nutrients - Answer-- carbohydrates
- fats and other lipids,
- proteins
- vitamins
- minerals
- water
Carbohydrates - Answer-Source of energy (most forms)
Lipids - Answer-Source of energy (fats), cellular development, physical growth and
development, regulation of body processes, absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
Proteins - Answer-Production of structural and functional components; cellular
development, growth, and maintenance; regulation of body processes; immune
function; fluid balance; source of energy
Vitamins - Answer-Regulation of body processes, maintenance of immune function,
production and maintenance of tissues, protection against agents that can damage
cellular components
Minerals - Answer-Regulation of body processes, including fluid balance; formation of
certain chemical messengers; structural and functional components of various
substances and tissues; necessary for physical growth, maintenance, and development
Water - Answer-Maintenance of fluid balance, regulation of body temperature,
elimination of wastes, transportation of substances, participant in many chemical
reactions
How many kilocalories are in a gram of carbohydrates? - Answer-4 kcal
How many kilocalories are in a gram of protein? - Answer-4 kcal
How many kilocalories are in a gram of fat? - Answer-9 kcal
,How many kilocalories are in a gram of alcohol? - Answer-7 kcal
Macronutrients - Answer-Name for carbohydrates, fats and proteins as the body needs
a relativity large amount of these nutrients daily. Supply energy for cells
Micronutrients - Answer-Name for vitamins and minerals as they body needs a very
small amount of these to function properly. Do not Supply energy for cells
Essential nutrients - Answer-Nutrients that must be supplied through food. About 50 of
them
Examples of some Essential Nutrients - Answer-Water
Vitamin A Vitamin C
B vitamins Vitamin D
Glucose
Minerals like calcium, sodium, chloride and Zinc
Fats that contain linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids
Some proteins (amino acids)
Chpt 1 mod 1.3 pg 10
Nonnutrients - Answer-Substances that are not nutrients but may have some healthful
benefits
Examples of nonnutrients - Answer-Alcohol, phytochemicals
phytochemicals - Answer-Compounds made in plants that are nonnutrients
examples of phytochemicals - Answer-- Alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lutein, lycopene
- Quercetin
- Anthocyanins - Resveratrol
- Isoflavonoids
- Sulfur compounds
- Caffeine
- Saponins
- Capsaicin
Dietary Supplement - Answer-a product (excluding tobacco) that contains a vitamin, a
mineral, an herb or other plant product, an amino acid, or a dietary substance that
supplements the diet by increasing total intake
Why are antioxidants important? - Answer-An antioxidant protects cells and their
components from being damaged or destroyed by chemically unstable factors
Empty calories - Answer-Calories from unhealthy types of fatm added sugar and/or
alcohol. Not a good source of vitamins and minerals. Foods like candies, pastries,
snack chips, sugar-sweetened drinks, and some alcoholic beverages
, Nutrient-dense - Answer-Describes foods or beverages that contain more beneficial
nutrients in relation to total calories. Foods like broccoli, leafy greens, fat-free milk,
orange juice , lean meats, and whole-grain cereals
Energy Density - Answer-describes the energy value of a food in relation to the food's
weight. Mostly high-fat foods like doughnuts and actual nuts
Scientific Method (for nutritional research) - Answer-1. Observe
2. Develop a Question
3. Test
4. Collect Information
5. Analyze the Findings
6. Form Conclusions
7. Share the results
8. Conduct more research
Double-Blind Study - Answer-Experimental design in which neither the participants nor
the researchers are aware of each participant's group assignment. Important as some
researchers and subjects may change their answers based on this info
Treatment group - Answer-Group being studied that receives a treatment
Control Group - Answer-Group being studied that does not receive treatment
Single-Blind Study - Answer-Experimental design in which the participants are not are
aware of each participant's group assignment but the researchers are. Can be less
reliable as the researches can use body language to sway results
Placebos - Answer-Fake treatment, such as a sham pill, injection, or medical procedure
Placebo Effect - Answer-Response to a placebo
How do researchers collect data on a population's health and food-related practices? -
Answer-Surveys
What do researchers of nutrition ask people in their surveys? - Answer-- Personal and
family medical histories
- environmental exposures
- dietary practices
why can results of similar studies provide different findings? - Answer-Its due to the
invidiual design of the experiment. the numbers, ages, and physical conditions of people
who participate in each study (subjects), the type and length of the study, the amount of
the treatment provided, and the methods used to analyze results typically vary among
studies. Not only are people genetically different, they also have different lifestyles, and
