NE 202 MIDTERM EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE Q &
A 2024
Emotions
1. Adaptive advantage of facial expression
a. Infant caregiver interactions
b. Long-term cooperative interaction
c. Non-verbal speech
d. Competitive interaction—stare downs
d.i. Differences between us and other primates?
our eyes are white, can see eye gaze
2. The Vector Model
a. Correlation between he absolute value of the valance effect and the vector
model
b. Looking at strength of emotion
3. Circumplex Model
a. Looking at range of emotions
a.i. Negative valence low arousal
a.i.1. Gloomy, like eoyre
a.ii. High arousal high valence
a.ii.1. Happy
a.iii. High valence low arousal
a.iii.1. Winnie the poo
a.iv. High arousal low valence
a.iv.1. Rabbit
4. The components of emotions
a. 3 core aspects
a.i. Feeling
a.i.1. High order circuit
a.ii. Physiology
a.ii.1. Low order circuit
a.iii. Behavior
a.iii.1. Probably both
b. Physiology
b.i. Autonomic nervous system
b.i.1. Influences functioning of internal organs
b.ii. Symapthetic division
b.ii.1. Fight or flight
b.iii. Parasympathetic
b.iii.1. Rest and digest
b.iv. Skin conductance response
b.v. Startle response
b.v.1. Better at picking up valence
, May 3, 2016 EP2016
b.vi. Using skin conductance and startle you can make informed decisions on
someone’s feelings.
5. James Lange Theory
a. Do we run from the bear because we are afraid?
b. Or are we afraid because we run?
c. JL theory says that the physiological response happens first, automatically, and
then that info gets passed into the cortex that processes that
c.i. The feeling comes later.
d. Some emotions the biological response does happen first, so it kind of makes
sense, but for the post part is backwards. Although the theory is oversimplified,
its been hard to kill it. There is still evidence that this helps. If you bring down
someone’s physiological response you will also bring down their emotion.
6. Carl Lange
a. Argued that the autonomic response is equivalent to the emotion itself
a.i. Somatic theories lost facor because sometimes we really do perceive fear
before any symptoms occur
b. There is some cognitive appraisal of the situation.
c. There is some sort of feedback that is part of it, but its not the strong version.
d. C
7. Cannon-Bard
a. Thought that the physiological changes and subjective feelings were separate
b. Suggest a parallel pathway
b.i. Feeling and responses both happening
c. Thalamus and hypothalamus are important
c.i. Did a crude anatomical experiemtn
c.ii. Made big cuts in animal brains and observed if they made a cut and
removed the cerebral cortex and diencephalon, emotions were no longer
generated
c.iii. If they made a cut and left these in tact but cut off the frontal lobe,
emotions could still happen.
c.iii.1. Electrical stimulation could make cats hiss (sham rage) aka
the emotional behavioral responds without actually having the
rage.
8. Papez circuit
a. Anterior thalamus
b. Hypothalamus
b.i. Physiological response and state
c. Hippocampus
d. Cingulate gyrus
e. Cortex involved in the feeling and conscious experience
f. Autonomic/hypothalamus critical for physiological expression
f.i. Know that the thalamus receives sensory input
f.ii. The thalamus then sends that to the sensory cortex and the
hypothalamus
A 2024
Emotions
1. Adaptive advantage of facial expression
a. Infant caregiver interactions
b. Long-term cooperative interaction
c. Non-verbal speech
d. Competitive interaction—stare downs
d.i. Differences between us and other primates?
our eyes are white, can see eye gaze
2. The Vector Model
a. Correlation between he absolute value of the valance effect and the vector
model
b. Looking at strength of emotion
3. Circumplex Model
a. Looking at range of emotions
a.i. Negative valence low arousal
a.i.1. Gloomy, like eoyre
a.ii. High arousal high valence
a.ii.1. Happy
a.iii. High valence low arousal
a.iii.1. Winnie the poo
a.iv. High arousal low valence
a.iv.1. Rabbit
4. The components of emotions
a. 3 core aspects
a.i. Feeling
a.i.1. High order circuit
a.ii. Physiology
a.ii.1. Low order circuit
a.iii. Behavior
a.iii.1. Probably both
b. Physiology
b.i. Autonomic nervous system
b.i.1. Influences functioning of internal organs
b.ii. Symapthetic division
b.ii.1. Fight or flight
b.iii. Parasympathetic
b.iii.1. Rest and digest
b.iv. Skin conductance response
b.v. Startle response
b.v.1. Better at picking up valence
, May 3, 2016 EP2016
b.vi. Using skin conductance and startle you can make informed decisions on
someone’s feelings.
5. James Lange Theory
a. Do we run from the bear because we are afraid?
b. Or are we afraid because we run?
c. JL theory says that the physiological response happens first, automatically, and
then that info gets passed into the cortex that processes that
c.i. The feeling comes later.
d. Some emotions the biological response does happen first, so it kind of makes
sense, but for the post part is backwards. Although the theory is oversimplified,
its been hard to kill it. There is still evidence that this helps. If you bring down
someone’s physiological response you will also bring down their emotion.
6. Carl Lange
a. Argued that the autonomic response is equivalent to the emotion itself
a.i. Somatic theories lost facor because sometimes we really do perceive fear
before any symptoms occur
b. There is some cognitive appraisal of the situation.
c. There is some sort of feedback that is part of it, but its not the strong version.
d. C
7. Cannon-Bard
a. Thought that the physiological changes and subjective feelings were separate
b. Suggest a parallel pathway
b.i. Feeling and responses both happening
c. Thalamus and hypothalamus are important
c.i. Did a crude anatomical experiemtn
c.ii. Made big cuts in animal brains and observed if they made a cut and
removed the cerebral cortex and diencephalon, emotions were no longer
generated
c.iii. If they made a cut and left these in tact but cut off the frontal lobe,
emotions could still happen.
c.iii.1. Electrical stimulation could make cats hiss (sham rage) aka
the emotional behavioral responds without actually having the
rage.
8. Papez circuit
a. Anterior thalamus
b. Hypothalamus
b.i. Physiological response and state
c. Hippocampus
d. Cingulate gyrus
e. Cortex involved in the feeling and conscious experience
f. Autonomic/hypothalamus critical for physiological expression
f.i. Know that the thalamus receives sensory input
f.ii. The thalamus then sends that to the sensory cortex and the
hypothalamus
