NR 222 - Health and Wellness Final Study Guide
Graded A+
1). Wellness-illness continuum
Ans: a dichotomous depiction of the relationship between the concepts of health and
illness
2). Wellness
Ans: a positive state in which incremental increases in health can be made beyond
the midpoint
3). Health ecology
Ans: An evolving view of health recognizes the interconnection between people and
their physical and social environments
EX: People are likely to go walking where there are sidewalks (within the community)
4). Functional health
Ans: The ability to function: can be characterized as being present or absent, having
high-level or low-level wellness, and being influenced by neighborhood and society
5). Health
Ans: a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a
person's potential and is experienced within a developmental context
PaperStoc.com Page 1 of 46
, 6). World health organization (who) health definition
Ans: the state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the
absence of disease and infirmity, but moves beyond this definition to encompass
spiritual, developmental, and environmental aspects over time.
Example: a person with diabetes may be considered healthy if she is able to adapt to her
illness and live a meaningful, spiritually satisfying life
7). Disease
Ans: the failure of a person's adaptive mechanisms to counteract stimuli and stresses
adequately, resulting in functional or structural disturbances
8). Illness
Ans: composed of the subjective experience of the individual and the physical
manifestation of disease; can be described as a response characterized by a mismatch
between a person's needs and the resources available to meet those needs
9). Healthy people five main goals
Ans: To continue to improve infant health, and, by 1990, to reduce infant mortality by
at least 35%, to fewer than 9 deaths per 1000 live births
•To improve child health, foster optimal childhood development, and, by 1990, reduce
deaths among children ages 1 to 14 years by at least 20%, to fewer than 34 per 100,000
•To improve the health and health habits of adolescents and young adults, and, by 1990,
to reduce deaths among people ages 15 to 24 by at least 20%, to fewer than 93 per
100,000
•To improve the health of adults, and, by 1990, to reduce deaths among people ages 25
to 64 by at least 25%, to fewer than 400 per 100,000
•To improve the health and quality of life for older adults, and, by 1990, to reduce the
average annual number of days of restricted activity attributable to acute and chronic
conditions by 20%, to fewer than 30 days per year for people 65 and older
10). Healthy people 2000 main goals
PaperStoc.com Page 2 of 46
, Ans: •Increase the span of healthy life.
•Reduce health disparities.
•Create access to preventive services for all.
11). Healthy people 2010 main goals
Ans: •Increase quality and years of healthy life.
•Eliminate health disparities.
12). Healthy people 2020 main goals
Ans: •Attain high quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and
premature death.
•Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups.
•Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.
•Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life
stages
13). Healthy people 2020 focus areas
Ans: Adolescent Health; Blood Disorders and Blood Safety; Dementias, Including
Alzheimer's Disease; Early and Middle Childhood; Genomics; Global Health; Healthcare-
Associated Infections; Health-Related Quality of Life and Well-Being; Lesbian, Gay,
Bisexual, and Transgender Health; Older Adults; Preparedness; Sleep Health; and Social
Determinants of Health
14). Ethnocentrism
Ans: to be aware of their own beliefs, values, and customs and how these ideas
translate into behavior
15). Racism
Ans: a devaluing of the beliefs, values, and customs of others
PaperStoc.com Page 3 of 46
, 16). Empathy
Ans: ability to view other persons' situations from their perspective
17). Benefits of physical activity
Ans: contribute to the maintenance or improvement in mobility, which improves the
quality of life and prevents disability and it enhances positive mental health through
stress reduction and physical fitness, which contribute to the development of healthy
behaviors
18). Levels of prevention
Ans: primary, secondary, tertiary, and passive
19). Primary
Ans: health promotion and specific protection
example: If a person loves to swim and being out in the sun then they should wear
sunblock to prevent skin cancer.
20). Secondary
Ans: early diagnosis, prompt treatment, and disability limitation.
example: Women who are at a high risk of breast cancer due to their age group should
go in for screenings.
21). Tertiary
Ans: Restoration and rehabilitation
example: A woman who has breast cancer should go through chemotherapy to kill the
cancerous cells.
22). Passive primary
Ans: Things you do not necessarily do on purpose but it is there for you
example: Vitamin D in milk; Drinking milk.
PaperStoc.com Page 4 of 46
Graded A+
1). Wellness-illness continuum
Ans: a dichotomous depiction of the relationship between the concepts of health and
illness
2). Wellness
Ans: a positive state in which incremental increases in health can be made beyond
the midpoint
3). Health ecology
Ans: An evolving view of health recognizes the interconnection between people and
their physical and social environments
EX: People are likely to go walking where there are sidewalks (within the community)
4). Functional health
Ans: The ability to function: can be characterized as being present or absent, having
high-level or low-level wellness, and being influenced by neighborhood and society
5). Health
Ans: a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a
person's potential and is experienced within a developmental context
PaperStoc.com Page 1 of 46
, 6). World health organization (who) health definition
Ans: the state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the
absence of disease and infirmity, but moves beyond this definition to encompass
spiritual, developmental, and environmental aspects over time.
Example: a person with diabetes may be considered healthy if she is able to adapt to her
illness and live a meaningful, spiritually satisfying life
7). Disease
Ans: the failure of a person's adaptive mechanisms to counteract stimuli and stresses
adequately, resulting in functional or structural disturbances
8). Illness
Ans: composed of the subjective experience of the individual and the physical
manifestation of disease; can be described as a response characterized by a mismatch
between a person's needs and the resources available to meet those needs
9). Healthy people five main goals
Ans: To continue to improve infant health, and, by 1990, to reduce infant mortality by
at least 35%, to fewer than 9 deaths per 1000 live births
•To improve child health, foster optimal childhood development, and, by 1990, reduce
deaths among children ages 1 to 14 years by at least 20%, to fewer than 34 per 100,000
•To improve the health and health habits of adolescents and young adults, and, by 1990,
to reduce deaths among people ages 15 to 24 by at least 20%, to fewer than 93 per
100,000
•To improve the health of adults, and, by 1990, to reduce deaths among people ages 25
to 64 by at least 25%, to fewer than 400 per 100,000
•To improve the health and quality of life for older adults, and, by 1990, to reduce the
average annual number of days of restricted activity attributable to acute and chronic
conditions by 20%, to fewer than 30 days per year for people 65 and older
10). Healthy people 2000 main goals
PaperStoc.com Page 2 of 46
, Ans: •Increase the span of healthy life.
•Reduce health disparities.
•Create access to preventive services for all.
11). Healthy people 2010 main goals
Ans: •Increase quality and years of healthy life.
•Eliminate health disparities.
12). Healthy people 2020 main goals
Ans: •Attain high quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and
premature death.
•Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups.
•Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.
•Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life
stages
13). Healthy people 2020 focus areas
Ans: Adolescent Health; Blood Disorders and Blood Safety; Dementias, Including
Alzheimer's Disease; Early and Middle Childhood; Genomics; Global Health; Healthcare-
Associated Infections; Health-Related Quality of Life and Well-Being; Lesbian, Gay,
Bisexual, and Transgender Health; Older Adults; Preparedness; Sleep Health; and Social
Determinants of Health
14). Ethnocentrism
Ans: to be aware of their own beliefs, values, and customs and how these ideas
translate into behavior
15). Racism
Ans: a devaluing of the beliefs, values, and customs of others
PaperStoc.com Page 3 of 46
, 16). Empathy
Ans: ability to view other persons' situations from their perspective
17). Benefits of physical activity
Ans: contribute to the maintenance or improvement in mobility, which improves the
quality of life and prevents disability and it enhances positive mental health through
stress reduction and physical fitness, which contribute to the development of healthy
behaviors
18). Levels of prevention
Ans: primary, secondary, tertiary, and passive
19). Primary
Ans: health promotion and specific protection
example: If a person loves to swim and being out in the sun then they should wear
sunblock to prevent skin cancer.
20). Secondary
Ans: early diagnosis, prompt treatment, and disability limitation.
example: Women who are at a high risk of breast cancer due to their age group should
go in for screenings.
21). Tertiary
Ans: Restoration and rehabilitation
example: A woman who has breast cancer should go through chemotherapy to kill the
cancerous cells.
22). Passive primary
Ans: Things you do not necessarily do on purpose but it is there for you
example: Vitamin D in milk; Drinking milk.
PaperStoc.com Page 4 of 46
