INSTRUCTOR’S
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
NANCY S. BOUDREAU AND JAY SCHAFFER
E LEMENTARY S TATISTICS :
P ICTURING THE W ORLD
S IXTH E DITION
Ron Larson
Pennsylvania State University
Betsy Farber
Bucks County Community College
,CONTENTS
CONTENTS
Chapter 1 Introduction to Statistics 1
Chapter 2 Descriptive Statistics 15
Chapter 3 Probability 103
Chapter 4 Discrete Probability Distributions 134
Chapter 5 Normal Probability Distributions 163
Chapter 6 Confidence Intervals 212
Chapter 7 Hypothesis Testing with One Sample 237
Chapter 8 Hypothesis Testing with Two Samples 281
Chapter 9 Correlation and Regression 322
Chapter 10 Chi-Square Tests and the F-Distribution 369
Chapter 11 Nonparametric Tests 419
Appendix A Alternative Presentation of the Standard 464
Normal Distribution
Appendix C Normal Probability Plots and Their 465
Graphs
Activities 467
Case Studies 471
Uses and Abuses 491
Real Statistics−Real Decisions 495
Technology 505
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
, CHAPTER
Introduction to Statistics
1
1.1 AN OVERVIEW OF STATISTICS
1.1 Try It Yourself Solutions
1a. The population consists of the prices per gallon of regular gasoline at all gasoline stations in the
United States. The sample consists of the prices per gallon of regular gasoline at the 800 surveyed
stations.
b. The data set consists of the 800 prices.
2a. Because the numerical measure of $5,150,694 is based on the entire collection of employee’s
salaries, it is from a population.
b. Because the numerical measure is a characteristic of a population, it is a parameter.
3a. Descriptive statistics involve the statement “31% support their kids financially until they graduate
college and 6% provide financial support until they start college.”
b. An inference drawn from the survey is that a higher percentage of parents support their kids
financially until they graduate college.
1.1 EXERCISE SOLUTIONS
1. A sample is a subset of a population.
2. It is usually impractical (too expensive and/or time consuming) to obtain all the population data.
3. A parameter is a numerical description of a population characteristic. A statistic is a numerical
description of a sample characteristic.
4. The two main branches of statistics are descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.
5. False. A statistic is a numerical measure that describes a sample characteristic.
6. True
7. True
8. False. Inferential statistics involves using a sample to draw conclusions about a population.
9. False. A population is the collection of all outcomes, responses, measurements, or counts that are
of interest.
10. False. A sample statistic can differ from sample to sample.
1
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
, 2 CHAPTER 1 │ INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS
11. The data set is a population because it is a collection of the revenue of each of the 30 companies
in the Dow Jones Industrial Average.
12. The data set is a population because it is a collection of the energy collected from all the wind
turbines on the wind farm.
13. The data set is a sample because the collection of the 500 spectators is a subset within the
population of the stadium’s 42,000 spectators.
14. The data set is a population because it is a collection of the annual salaries of all pharmacists at a
pharmacy.
15. The data set is a sample because the collection of the 20 patients is a subset of the population of
100 patients at the hospital.
16. The data set is a population because it is a collection of the number of televisions in all U.S.
households.
17. The data set is a population because it is a collection of all the golfers’ scores in the tournament.
18. The data set is a sample because only the age of every third person entering the clothing store is
recorded.
19. The data set is a population because it is a collection of all the U.S. presidents’ political parties.
20. The data set is a sample because the collection of the 10 soil contamination levels is a subset of
the population.
21. Population: Parties of registered voters in Warren County
Sample: Parties of Warren County voters responding to online survey
22. Population: All students who donate at a blood drive
Sample: The students who donate and have type O+ blood
23. Population: Ages of adults in the United States who own cell phones
Sample: Ages of adults in the United States who own Samsung cell phones
24. Population: Incomes of all homeowners in Texas
Sample: Incomes of homeowners in Texas with mortgages
25. Population: Collection of the responses of all adults in the United States
Sample: Collection of the responses of the 1015 U.S. adults surveyed
26. Population: Collection of the heart rhythms of all infants in Italy
Sample: Collection of the heart rhythms of the 33,043 infants in Italy in the study
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
NANCY S. BOUDREAU AND JAY SCHAFFER
E LEMENTARY S TATISTICS :
P ICTURING THE W ORLD
S IXTH E DITION
Ron Larson
Pennsylvania State University
Betsy Farber
Bucks County Community College
,CONTENTS
CONTENTS
Chapter 1 Introduction to Statistics 1
Chapter 2 Descriptive Statistics 15
Chapter 3 Probability 103
Chapter 4 Discrete Probability Distributions 134
Chapter 5 Normal Probability Distributions 163
Chapter 6 Confidence Intervals 212
Chapter 7 Hypothesis Testing with One Sample 237
Chapter 8 Hypothesis Testing with Two Samples 281
Chapter 9 Correlation and Regression 322
Chapter 10 Chi-Square Tests and the F-Distribution 369
Chapter 11 Nonparametric Tests 419
Appendix A Alternative Presentation of the Standard 464
Normal Distribution
Appendix C Normal Probability Plots and Their 465
Graphs
Activities 467
Case Studies 471
Uses and Abuses 491
Real Statistics−Real Decisions 495
Technology 505
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
, CHAPTER
Introduction to Statistics
1
1.1 AN OVERVIEW OF STATISTICS
1.1 Try It Yourself Solutions
1a. The population consists of the prices per gallon of regular gasoline at all gasoline stations in the
United States. The sample consists of the prices per gallon of regular gasoline at the 800 surveyed
stations.
b. The data set consists of the 800 prices.
2a. Because the numerical measure of $5,150,694 is based on the entire collection of employee’s
salaries, it is from a population.
b. Because the numerical measure is a characteristic of a population, it is a parameter.
3a. Descriptive statistics involve the statement “31% support their kids financially until they graduate
college and 6% provide financial support until they start college.”
b. An inference drawn from the survey is that a higher percentage of parents support their kids
financially until they graduate college.
1.1 EXERCISE SOLUTIONS
1. A sample is a subset of a population.
2. It is usually impractical (too expensive and/or time consuming) to obtain all the population data.
3. A parameter is a numerical description of a population characteristic. A statistic is a numerical
description of a sample characteristic.
4. The two main branches of statistics are descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.
5. False. A statistic is a numerical measure that describes a sample characteristic.
6. True
7. True
8. False. Inferential statistics involves using a sample to draw conclusions about a population.
9. False. A population is the collection of all outcomes, responses, measurements, or counts that are
of interest.
10. False. A sample statistic can differ from sample to sample.
1
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
, 2 CHAPTER 1 │ INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS
11. The data set is a population because it is a collection of the revenue of each of the 30 companies
in the Dow Jones Industrial Average.
12. The data set is a population because it is a collection of the energy collected from all the wind
turbines on the wind farm.
13. The data set is a sample because the collection of the 500 spectators is a subset within the
population of the stadium’s 42,000 spectators.
14. The data set is a population because it is a collection of the annual salaries of all pharmacists at a
pharmacy.
15. The data set is a sample because the collection of the 20 patients is a subset of the population of
100 patients at the hospital.
16. The data set is a population because it is a collection of the number of televisions in all U.S.
households.
17. The data set is a population because it is a collection of all the golfers’ scores in the tournament.
18. The data set is a sample because only the age of every third person entering the clothing store is
recorded.
19. The data set is a population because it is a collection of all the U.S. presidents’ political parties.
20. The data set is a sample because the collection of the 10 soil contamination levels is a subset of
the population.
21. Population: Parties of registered voters in Warren County
Sample: Parties of Warren County voters responding to online survey
22. Population: All students who donate at a blood drive
Sample: The students who donate and have type O+ blood
23. Population: Ages of adults in the United States who own cell phones
Sample: Ages of adults in the United States who own Samsung cell phones
24. Population: Incomes of all homeowners in Texas
Sample: Incomes of homeowners in Texas with mortgages
25. Population: Collection of the responses of all adults in the United States
Sample: Collection of the responses of the 1015 U.S. adults surveyed
26. Population: Collection of the heart rhythms of all infants in Italy
Sample: Collection of the heart rhythms of the 33,043 infants in Italy in the study
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
