NURS 316 - Midterm - Athabasca University
Study Guide Graded A+
1). Alkylating agents
Ans: Chlorambucil (PO)
-Kills in ALL phases of cell cycle
-Reacts with DNA/RNA
-Best for slow growing cancers
Mostly IV
Given in cycles
Amifostine + Cisplatin
Mesna + Ifosfomide
Allopurinol
2). Antimetabolites
Ans: Methotrexate (IV, PO)
-Inhibit DNA synthesis by blocking thymidylate, DNA polymerase, or folic acid reductase
-In S phase of cell cycle
-Used in rapidly dividing cancers
Methotrexate crosses BBB
Leucovorin is given to counter adverse effects
3). Anti-neoplastic antibiotics
Ans: Doxorubicin (IV)
-Breaks DNA strands in G2/M phase
-For rapidly dividing cancers
-ALL parenterally
-Doxo&Daunorubicin are both taken up by heart/lungs so can be toxic
-Dexrazoxane is given as cardioprotective drug
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, 4). Mitotic inhibitors
Ans: Vincristine (IV)
-M phase
-Excreted in feces
-Can cause arrythmias
5). Hormone modulators
Ans: Tamoxifen (po)
-Block production or receptor sites of the sex hormone
-Toremifene raises calcium
-Menopausal symptoms
-Risk of bleeding with anticoagulants
6). Cancer cell-specific agents
Ans: Imatinib (po)
Erlotinib (po)
Bortezemib (IV)
ONLY effect cancer cells
1. Protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors - blocks enzyme needed for protein building
2. Epidermal growth factor - enzyme found in tumors
3. Proteasome inhibitor - proteasome causes tumour growth
7). Salicylates
Ans: Aspirin (po)
-Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and TXA2
-Salicylism toxicity 20g for adults, 4g for children
8). Nsaids
(propionic acid)
Ans: Ibuprofen
-Works by blocking inflammatory processes COX1 and COX2
PaperStoc.com Page 2 of 5
Study Guide Graded A+
1). Alkylating agents
Ans: Chlorambucil (PO)
-Kills in ALL phases of cell cycle
-Reacts with DNA/RNA
-Best for slow growing cancers
Mostly IV
Given in cycles
Amifostine + Cisplatin
Mesna + Ifosfomide
Allopurinol
2). Antimetabolites
Ans: Methotrexate (IV, PO)
-Inhibit DNA synthesis by blocking thymidylate, DNA polymerase, or folic acid reductase
-In S phase of cell cycle
-Used in rapidly dividing cancers
Methotrexate crosses BBB
Leucovorin is given to counter adverse effects
3). Anti-neoplastic antibiotics
Ans: Doxorubicin (IV)
-Breaks DNA strands in G2/M phase
-For rapidly dividing cancers
-ALL parenterally
-Doxo&Daunorubicin are both taken up by heart/lungs so can be toxic
-Dexrazoxane is given as cardioprotective drug
PaperStoc.com Page 1 of 5
, 4). Mitotic inhibitors
Ans: Vincristine (IV)
-M phase
-Excreted in feces
-Can cause arrythmias
5). Hormone modulators
Ans: Tamoxifen (po)
-Block production or receptor sites of the sex hormone
-Toremifene raises calcium
-Menopausal symptoms
-Risk of bleeding with anticoagulants
6). Cancer cell-specific agents
Ans: Imatinib (po)
Erlotinib (po)
Bortezemib (IV)
ONLY effect cancer cells
1. Protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors - blocks enzyme needed for protein building
2. Epidermal growth factor - enzyme found in tumors
3. Proteasome inhibitor - proteasome causes tumour growth
7). Salicylates
Ans: Aspirin (po)
-Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and TXA2
-Salicylism toxicity 20g for adults, 4g for children
8). Nsaids
(propionic acid)
Ans: Ibuprofen
-Works by blocking inflammatory processes COX1 and COX2
PaperStoc.com Page 2 of 5
