Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm 6501
Walden University Study Guide Graded A+
1). A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. which of the following will
facilitate his continued muscle performance?
Ans: Answer: Anaerobic glycolysis
2). What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action
potential?
Ans: Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the
membrane potential from negative to positive.
3). A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with klinefelter syndrome. his karyotype would reveal which
of the following?
Ans: Answer: XXY
4). A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. when checking for a proband, what is the nurse
looking for?
Ans: Answer: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
5). An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees
of the disease. which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide?
Ans: Answer: Expressivity
6). In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding
cholesterol?
Ans: Answer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which
reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
7). When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? cystic
fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene
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, Ans: Answer: Autosomal recessive
8). How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?
Ans: Answer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
9). The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as:
Ans: Answer: Sodium
10). The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in:
Ans: Answer: Reduced protein synthesis
11). What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from diseases?
Ans: Answer: It is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to
result from cell injury.
12). What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent
homologous x chromosome with only a single x chromosome present? her features include
a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body
hair.
Ans: Answer: Turner syndrome
13). A eukaryotic cell is undergoing dna replication. in which region of the cell would most of the
genetic information be contained?
Ans: Answer: Nucleolus
14). The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of down syndrome. what is the
nurse describing?
Ans: Answer: Maternal nondisjunction
PaperStoc.com Page 2 of 11
Walden University Study Guide Graded A+
1). A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. which of the following will
facilitate his continued muscle performance?
Ans: Answer: Anaerobic glycolysis
2). What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action
potential?
Ans: Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the
membrane potential from negative to positive.
3). A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with klinefelter syndrome. his karyotype would reveal which
of the following?
Ans: Answer: XXY
4). A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. when checking for a proband, what is the nurse
looking for?
Ans: Answer: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
5). An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees
of the disease. which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide?
Ans: Answer: Expressivity
6). In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding
cholesterol?
Ans: Answer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which
reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
7). When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? cystic
fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene
PaperStoc.com Page 1 of 11
, Ans: Answer: Autosomal recessive
8). How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?
Ans: Answer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
9). The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as:
Ans: Answer: Sodium
10). The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in:
Ans: Answer: Reduced protein synthesis
11). What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from diseases?
Ans: Answer: It is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to
result from cell injury.
12). What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent
homologous x chromosome with only a single x chromosome present? her features include
a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body
hair.
Ans: Answer: Turner syndrome
13). A eukaryotic cell is undergoing dna replication. in which region of the cell would most of the
genetic information be contained?
Ans: Answer: Nucleolus
14). The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of down syndrome. what is the
nurse describing?
Ans: Answer: Maternal nondisjunction
PaperStoc.com Page 2 of 11
