Pnur 151 Acute Kidney Injury answers

Pnur 151 Acute Kidney Injury answers

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

- an abrupt decrease in kidney function, which encompasses both injury & impairment. happens quickly




Acute renal failure s/s

- loss of appetite

- sob

- irregular heartbeat

-chest pain or pressure

- decreased urine output

-edema




Oliguric phase of AKI

-urine output less than 400cc-24hrs

- fluid retention in legs & feet

- uremia, azotemia

- electrolytes imbalnce: sodium, phosphorus, potassium




Oliguric phase nursing considerations

-fluid volume excess ( intravascular)

- fluid challenge

- electrolyte imbalance

- high metabolic demands ( pt hungry after eating)

, - dietary concerns

- activity restrictions (pt will be very tired)




Diuretic Phase

-kidney loses ability to concentrate urine (very clear urine)

-polyuria

-hypovolemia

-electrolyte imbalance

-bun and creat. stops rising




Nursing considerations for diuretic phase

-fluid volume defecit

-fluid intake

-dietary restrictions (no salt)

-activity increased gradually

- monitor labs q6h




Recovery phase of AKI

-activity gradually increased

- patient may not be hospitalized

- close monitoring of lab values




Pre renal causes?

-intravascular volume depletion

- hypotension