UPDATED Med Surg II EXAM 100% SOLUTIONS QUESTION AND CORRECT ANSWER

Aging causes which change in the gastrointestinal system? -decrease in the incidence of gallstones -increased gastrointestinal motility -decrease in the secretion of lipase -diminished sense of taste and smell - ANSWER diminished sense of taste and smell When providing patient teaching, the nurse advises the patient to avoid what to prevent pancreatitis? -diets high in cholesterol -diets high in sugar -consuming large quantities of red meat -consuming large quantities of alcohol - ANSWER consuming large quantities of alcohol After a patient has received a bowel prep, such as GoLytely, in preparation for diagnostic testing, the nurse must be alert to which sign of electrolyte imbalance? -muscle cramping -pain in the lower abdomen -shortness of breath -edema in the upper extremities - ANSWER muscle cramping In preparing a patient for an esophagogastroduodenoscopy, the nurse should include which informational point? -he will have his gag reflex checked after the procedure before drinking fluids -he will need to be on a clear liquid diet the day before the test -he will need to increase his fluids after the test to prevent constipation from barium -he will need to watch for rectal bleeding following the procedure - ANSWER he will have his gag reflex checked after the procedure before drinking fluids To determine that bowel sounds are absent, the nurse must listen to each quadrant of the abdomen for a minimum of: -10 minutes -8 minutes -2 minutes -5 minutes - ANSWER 5 minutes People with a genetic predisposition for gallstones include which group? -African Americans -Chinese -Native Americans -Jewish - ANSWER Native Americans Which nursing intervention would be most appropriate in treating constipation? -Increasing fluid intake to 2500 mL/day unless contraindicated -encouraging six small meals/day plus small, high-calorie snacks -Frequent mouth care -providing warm sitz baths to soothe anal tissue - ANSWER Increasing fluid intake to 2500 mL/day unless contraindicated One of the major functions of the large intestine is: -reabsorption of water -storage of bile -digestion of food particles -secretion of the intrinsic factor - ANSWER reabsorption of water During patient teaching, the nurse is correct when instructing the patient that one of the most effective ways to prevent hepatitis B or C is to: -avoid exposure to known toxic or carcinogenic chemicals -avoid unprotected sex with people who are known drug users -refrain from drinking excessive amounts of alcohol -refrain from eating raw oysters and shellfish from contaminated waters - ANSWER avoid unprotected sex with people who are known drug users Decreased serum protein levels will most likely be found in which condition? -gastric or duodenal ulcers -hepatitis -cholecystitis -liver failure - ANSWER liver failure A complication resulting from obesity include is: -obstructive sleep apnea -renal failure -hypotension -colon cancer - ANSWER obstructive sleep apnea Patients undergoing bariatric surgery are most at risk for developing: -nutritional deficiencies -coronary artery disease -kidney stones -hypertension - ANSWER nutritional deficiencies The patient's initial assessment has identified stomatitis. The nurse correctly recognizes that this will involve inflammation of the: -mouth -small intestine -large intestine -stomach - ANSWER mouth The nurse is reviewing a patient's health history. Which factor is associated with an increased risk for the development of esophageal cancer? -diets high in fat and heavy alcohol consumption -use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) and smoking -diets high in calories and smoking -smoking and heavy alcohol consumption - ANSWER smoking and heavy alcohol consumption Measures that the nurse should teach the patient diagnosed with GERD to help decrease the symptoms include: -wait 30 to 60 minutes after eating before lying down -eliminate or limit alcohol intake -sleep with the head of the bed flat -eat three meals per day - ANSWER eliminate or limit alcohol intake The nurse should instruct the patient experiencing vomiting to maintain a clear liquid diet for: -4 to 8 hours -6 to 12 hours -24 to 48 hours -12 to 24 hours - ANSWER 12 to 24 hours The chief causative factor for peptic ulcer disease is: -caffeine -Helicobacter pylori bacterium -hot and spicy foods -antihypertensive drugs - ANSWER Helicobacter pylori bacterium After a gastrectomy the patient may develop "dumping syndrome". This complication is characterized by the patient experiencing nausea, weakness, abdominal pain, diarrhea, feeling faint, and diaphoresis. These symptoms most commonly occur: -before going to sleep -before meals -after heavy exercise -after eating - ANSWER after eating Stomach cancer is most prevalent in which population? -Caucasian -American Indians -Hispanic Americans -African Americans - ANSWER African Americans A patient is experiencing continued weight loss and the doctor has prescribed total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The best description of TPN that the nurse can give the patient is "You will receive all of your nutrition through a(n) ______________: -tube passed through your nose into your stomach -IV into a large vein -tube placed into your stomach -IV into a large artery - ANSWER IV into a large vein How much is your careplan deducted per day if it is turned in one day late? Remember the deduction is taken at the same time each day. So if it was due Monday at 0800 and you turn it in Tuesday at 1000 AM, that counts as 2 days late.