PATHOPHYSIOLOGY - MODULE 2 - EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2022/2023 Answers highlighted Define hypersensitivity Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease or damage to individual (strong genetic linkage) 2 alternate

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY - MODULE 2 - EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2022/2023 Answers highlighted Define hypersensitivity Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease or damage to individual (strong genetic linkage) 2 alternate names for type 1 hypersensitivity Immediate hypersensitivity or IgE mediated reactions most common allergic reactions are type 1 Mechanisms of type 1 response 1. Sensitizing exposure 2. Re exposure (immediate response and longer term response) Sensitizing exposure (type 1 mechanism) - Helper 2 t cells help b lymphocytes differentiate into plasma cells which produce IgE - IgE's Fc portion (stem) binds to mast cells - When enough IgE is bound, person is sensitized to antigen Re exposure (type 1 mechanism) - 2 types Immediate response and longer term response Immediate response (re exposure) symptoms 5 mins - Antigen binds to IgE which is bound to mast cells - Mast cell release granule contents (degranulation), release histamine, which leads to inflammation Longer term response (re exposure) 8-12 hours after, lasts 24-36 hours - Mast cells generate leukotrienes/prostaglandins and platelet activating factor which lead to further inflammation. - Local/systemic effects occur (tears/mucus secretion) 3 actions of histamine