GERD NCLEX questions and answers 2024/2025 with
complete solutions
The nurse explains to the patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease that
this disorder:
A. results in acid erosion and ulceration of the esophagus caused by frequent
vomiting,
B. will require surgical wrapping or repair of the pyloric sphincter to control
the symptoms,
C. is the protrusion of a portion of the stomach into to esophagus through an
opening in the diaphragm,
D. often involves relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing
stomach contents to back up into the espophagus
D. The acidic contents of the stomach touching the inside of the esophagus are
responsible for the physical sensation known as "heart-burn" that is a cardinal
symptom of GERD
"Which of the following types of gastritis is
associated with Helicobacter pylori and duodenal ulcers?
1. Erosive (hemorrhagic) gastritis
2. Fundic gland gastritis (type A)
3. Antral gland gastritis (type B)
4.Aspiring-induced gastric ulcer
3 - Erosive (hemorrhagic) gastritis can be
caused by ingestion of substances that irritate the gastric mucosa. Fundic gland
gastritis (type A) is associated with diffuse severe mucosal atrophy and the presence
of pernicious anemia. Antral gland gastritis (type B) is the most common form of
gastritis, and is associated with Helicobacter pylori and duodenal ulcers
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) weakens the lower esophageal
sphincter, predisposing older persons to risk for impaired swallowing. In
managing the symptoms associated with GERD, the nurse should assign the
highest priority to which of the following interventions?
1. Decrease daily intake of vegetables and water, and ambulate frequently
2. Drink coffee diluted with milk at each meal, and remain in an upright
position for 30 minutes.
3. Eat small, frequent meals, and remain in an upright position for at least 30
minutes after eating
4. Avoid over-the-counter drugs that have antacids in them
Answer 3, Eating small and frequent meals requires less release of hydrochloric
acid. Remaining in an upright position for 30 minutes after meals prevents reflux into
the esophagus which is often exacerbated when lying down, expecially after a large
meal which makes the patient tired
The client with a hiatal hernia chronically experiences heartburn following
meals. The nurse plans to teach the client to avoid which action because it is
contraindicated with hiatal hernia?
1. Lying recumbent following meals
, 2. Taking in small, frequent, bland meals
3. Raising the head of the bed on 6-inch blocks
4. Taking H2-receptor antagonist medication
Correct answer: 1
Laying recumbant following meals or at night will cause reflux and pain. Relief is
usually achieved with the intake of small, bland meals, use of H2 receptor
antagonists and antacids, and elevation of the thorax after meals and during sleep
What response should a nurse offer to a client who asks why he's having a
vagotomy to treat his ulcer?
1. To repair a hole in the stomach
2. to reduce the ability of the stomach to produce acid
3. to prevent the stomach from sliding into the chest
4. to remove a potentially malignant lesion in the stomach
Answer 2: A vagotomy is perfomred to elimniate the acid-secreting stimulus to
gastric cells. a perforation would be repaired with a gastric resection. Repair of hiatal
hernia (fundoplication) prevents the stomach from sliding through the diaphragm.
Removal of a potentially malignant tumor wouldn't reduce the entire acid-producing
mechanism
Which assessment data support the client's diagnosis of gastric ulcer?
1. Presence of blood in the client's stool for the past month.
2.Complaints of a burning sensation that moves like a wave.
3.Sharp pain in the upper abdomen after eating a heavy meal.
4.Comparison of complaints of pain with ingestion of food and sleep
"1. The presence of blood does not specifically indicate diagnosis of an ulcer. The
client could have hemorrhoids or cancer that would result in the presence of blood.
2. A wavelike burning sensation is a symptom of gastroesophageal reflus. 3. Sharp
pain in the upper abdomen after eating a heavy meal is a symptom of gallbladder
disease. 4. (CORRECT) In a client diagosed with a gastric ulcer, pain usually occurs
30-60 minutes after eating, but not at night. In contrast, a client with duodenal ulcer
has pain durin ghte night that is often relieved by eating food. Pain occurs 1-3 hours
after meals
When assessing the client with the diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease, which
physical examination should the nurse implement first?
1. Auscultate the client's bowel sounds in all four quadrants.
2.Palpate the abdominal area for tenderness.
3.Percuss the abdominal borders to identify organs.
4.Assess the tender area progressing to nontender
Correct answer: #1. Auscultation should be used prior to palpa-tion or percussion
when assessing the abdomen. If the nurse manipulates the abdomen, the bowel
sounds can be altered and give false information
The nurse is monitoring a client with a diagnosis of peptic ulcer. Which
assessment finding would most likely indicate perforation of the ulcer?
1. Bradycardia
2. Numbness in the legs
3. Nausea and vomiting
4. A rigid, board-like abdomen
Answer 4, Perforation of an ulcer is a surgical emergency and is characterized by
sudden, sharp, intolerable severe pain beginning in the midepigastric area and
complete solutions
The nurse explains to the patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease that
this disorder:
A. results in acid erosion and ulceration of the esophagus caused by frequent
vomiting,
B. will require surgical wrapping or repair of the pyloric sphincter to control
the symptoms,
C. is the protrusion of a portion of the stomach into to esophagus through an
opening in the diaphragm,
D. often involves relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing
stomach contents to back up into the espophagus
D. The acidic contents of the stomach touching the inside of the esophagus are
responsible for the physical sensation known as "heart-burn" that is a cardinal
symptom of GERD
"Which of the following types of gastritis is
associated with Helicobacter pylori and duodenal ulcers?
1. Erosive (hemorrhagic) gastritis
2. Fundic gland gastritis (type A)
3. Antral gland gastritis (type B)
4.Aspiring-induced gastric ulcer
3 - Erosive (hemorrhagic) gastritis can be
caused by ingestion of substances that irritate the gastric mucosa. Fundic gland
gastritis (type A) is associated with diffuse severe mucosal atrophy and the presence
of pernicious anemia. Antral gland gastritis (type B) is the most common form of
gastritis, and is associated with Helicobacter pylori and duodenal ulcers
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) weakens the lower esophageal
sphincter, predisposing older persons to risk for impaired swallowing. In
managing the symptoms associated with GERD, the nurse should assign the
highest priority to which of the following interventions?
1. Decrease daily intake of vegetables and water, and ambulate frequently
2. Drink coffee diluted with milk at each meal, and remain in an upright
position for 30 minutes.
3. Eat small, frequent meals, and remain in an upright position for at least 30
minutes after eating
4. Avoid over-the-counter drugs that have antacids in them
Answer 3, Eating small and frequent meals requires less release of hydrochloric
acid. Remaining in an upright position for 30 minutes after meals prevents reflux into
the esophagus which is often exacerbated when lying down, expecially after a large
meal which makes the patient tired
The client with a hiatal hernia chronically experiences heartburn following
meals. The nurse plans to teach the client to avoid which action because it is
contraindicated with hiatal hernia?
1. Lying recumbent following meals
, 2. Taking in small, frequent, bland meals
3. Raising the head of the bed on 6-inch blocks
4. Taking H2-receptor antagonist medication
Correct answer: 1
Laying recumbant following meals or at night will cause reflux and pain. Relief is
usually achieved with the intake of small, bland meals, use of H2 receptor
antagonists and antacids, and elevation of the thorax after meals and during sleep
What response should a nurse offer to a client who asks why he's having a
vagotomy to treat his ulcer?
1. To repair a hole in the stomach
2. to reduce the ability of the stomach to produce acid
3. to prevent the stomach from sliding into the chest
4. to remove a potentially malignant lesion in the stomach
Answer 2: A vagotomy is perfomred to elimniate the acid-secreting stimulus to
gastric cells. a perforation would be repaired with a gastric resection. Repair of hiatal
hernia (fundoplication) prevents the stomach from sliding through the diaphragm.
Removal of a potentially malignant tumor wouldn't reduce the entire acid-producing
mechanism
Which assessment data support the client's diagnosis of gastric ulcer?
1. Presence of blood in the client's stool for the past month.
2.Complaints of a burning sensation that moves like a wave.
3.Sharp pain in the upper abdomen after eating a heavy meal.
4.Comparison of complaints of pain with ingestion of food and sleep
"1. The presence of blood does not specifically indicate diagnosis of an ulcer. The
client could have hemorrhoids or cancer that would result in the presence of blood.
2. A wavelike burning sensation is a symptom of gastroesophageal reflus. 3. Sharp
pain in the upper abdomen after eating a heavy meal is a symptom of gallbladder
disease. 4. (CORRECT) In a client diagosed with a gastric ulcer, pain usually occurs
30-60 minutes after eating, but not at night. In contrast, a client with duodenal ulcer
has pain durin ghte night that is often relieved by eating food. Pain occurs 1-3 hours
after meals
When assessing the client with the diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease, which
physical examination should the nurse implement first?
1. Auscultate the client's bowel sounds in all four quadrants.
2.Palpate the abdominal area for tenderness.
3.Percuss the abdominal borders to identify organs.
4.Assess the tender area progressing to nontender
Correct answer: #1. Auscultation should be used prior to palpa-tion or percussion
when assessing the abdomen. If the nurse manipulates the abdomen, the bowel
sounds can be altered and give false information
The nurse is monitoring a client with a diagnosis of peptic ulcer. Which
assessment finding would most likely indicate perforation of the ulcer?
1. Bradycardia
2. Numbness in the legs
3. Nausea and vomiting
4. A rigid, board-like abdomen
Answer 4, Perforation of an ulcer is a surgical emergency and is characterized by
sudden, sharp, intolerable severe pain beginning in the midepigastric area and
