CE 391 Spring Final Exam Word Bank, CE 391
Final Exam
WEIRS
Small dam built across river to control the upstream water level
FLUMES
Human-made channel for water, in the form of an open decline gravity chute whose
walls are raised above the surrounding terrain
STAGE DISCHARGE
Relationship between the amount of water flowing in a river or stream and stage at any
particular point
INTERCEPTION
The storage and subsequent evaporation of rainfall by above-ground structures
THROUGHFALL
The process which describes how wet leaves shed excess water onto the ground
surface
NON-UNIFORM VARIED FLOW
Results from gradual or sudden changes in the cross sectional area
DEPRESSION STORAGE
Small low points in undulating terrain that can store precipitation that otherwise would
become runoff
TIME OF CONCENTRATION
Measure the response of a watershed to a rain event
AQUIFER
Rock layer that contains water and releases in appreciable amounts
GROUNDWATER
Water that exists underground in saturated zones beneath the land surface
RAPIDLY VARIED FLOW
When the water depth or velocity changes abruptly over a short distance and the
pressure distribution is not hydrostatic
SPECIFIC STORAGE
The amount of water that a portion of an aquifer releases from storage, per unit mass or
volume of aquifer, per unit change in hydraulic head, while remaining fully saturated
HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY
(K),represents the capacity of a porous medium (such as soil) to transmit water, as per
Darcy's Law
HYDRAULIC GRADIENT
The driving force that causes groundwater to move in the direction of maximum
decreasing total head
WELL-DRAW DOWN
The difference between the pumping water level and the static (non-pumping) water
level
BAROMETER
An instrument used to measure pressure head in a conduit, tank, soil, etc.
MANOMETER
(a.k.a piezometer) used to measure underground water pressure
, DISCHARGE COEFFICIENT
Used to model the relationship between flow and headloss through the valve being
modeled
EQUIVALENT HEIGHT
Way of representing changes in the gravity field in hydrological units
PRESSURE GRADIENT
Slope of the water table or potentiometric surface, that is, the changes in water level per
unit of distance along the direction of maximum head decrease
GEOMETRIC
CRITICAL FLOW
The variation of specific energy with a depth at a constant discharge
HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
WATERSHED
Area of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers, basins, or seas
GRADUALLY VARIED FLOW
Steady non-uniform flow with the velocity of water remaining constant at a specified
point
AREA OF FLOW
EVAPORATION
The transfer of liquid water into vapor state to the atmosphere
INFILTRATION
Process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil
VISCOMETER
Instrument that measures the fluid flow and viscosity of liquids
TUBE TYPE
FALLING SPHERE
ROTATIONAL
PRESSURE TRANSDUCER
Pressure transmitters that can measure water pipe pressure
BOURDON GAGE
Used for the measurement of relative pressure from 0.8 to 100,000 psi
LYSIMETER
Devices that define a specific boundary to contain soil water and permit measurement
of either the soil-water balance or the volume of water percolating vertically and/or its
quality
EVAPORATION PAN
Used to test evaporation of water, measured by comparting depth of water in pan
GRAVIMETRIC METHOD
A method of quantitative chemicals analysis in which the constituent sought is
converted into a substance (of known composition) that can be separated from the
sample and weighed
INFILTROMETER
Device used to measure the rate of water infiltration into soil or other porous media.
HYDROMETER
Device used to measure characteristics of a liquid, such as density or specific gravity
CRITICAL STEP HEIGHT
Final Exam
WEIRS
Small dam built across river to control the upstream water level
FLUMES
Human-made channel for water, in the form of an open decline gravity chute whose
walls are raised above the surrounding terrain
STAGE DISCHARGE
Relationship between the amount of water flowing in a river or stream and stage at any
particular point
INTERCEPTION
The storage and subsequent evaporation of rainfall by above-ground structures
THROUGHFALL
The process which describes how wet leaves shed excess water onto the ground
surface
NON-UNIFORM VARIED FLOW
Results from gradual or sudden changes in the cross sectional area
DEPRESSION STORAGE
Small low points in undulating terrain that can store precipitation that otherwise would
become runoff
TIME OF CONCENTRATION
Measure the response of a watershed to a rain event
AQUIFER
Rock layer that contains water and releases in appreciable amounts
GROUNDWATER
Water that exists underground in saturated zones beneath the land surface
RAPIDLY VARIED FLOW
When the water depth or velocity changes abruptly over a short distance and the
pressure distribution is not hydrostatic
SPECIFIC STORAGE
The amount of water that a portion of an aquifer releases from storage, per unit mass or
volume of aquifer, per unit change in hydraulic head, while remaining fully saturated
HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY
(K),represents the capacity of a porous medium (such as soil) to transmit water, as per
Darcy's Law
HYDRAULIC GRADIENT
The driving force that causes groundwater to move in the direction of maximum
decreasing total head
WELL-DRAW DOWN
The difference between the pumping water level and the static (non-pumping) water
level
BAROMETER
An instrument used to measure pressure head in a conduit, tank, soil, etc.
MANOMETER
(a.k.a piezometer) used to measure underground water pressure
, DISCHARGE COEFFICIENT
Used to model the relationship between flow and headloss through the valve being
modeled
EQUIVALENT HEIGHT
Way of representing changes in the gravity field in hydrological units
PRESSURE GRADIENT
Slope of the water table or potentiometric surface, that is, the changes in water level per
unit of distance along the direction of maximum head decrease
GEOMETRIC
CRITICAL FLOW
The variation of specific energy with a depth at a constant discharge
HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
WATERSHED
Area of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers, basins, or seas
GRADUALLY VARIED FLOW
Steady non-uniform flow with the velocity of water remaining constant at a specified
point
AREA OF FLOW
EVAPORATION
The transfer of liquid water into vapor state to the atmosphere
INFILTRATION
Process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil
VISCOMETER
Instrument that measures the fluid flow and viscosity of liquids
TUBE TYPE
FALLING SPHERE
ROTATIONAL
PRESSURE TRANSDUCER
Pressure transmitters that can measure water pipe pressure
BOURDON GAGE
Used for the measurement of relative pressure from 0.8 to 100,000 psi
LYSIMETER
Devices that define a specific boundary to contain soil water and permit measurement
of either the soil-water balance or the volume of water percolating vertically and/or its
quality
EVAPORATION PAN
Used to test evaporation of water, measured by comparting depth of water in pan
GRAVIMETRIC METHOD
A method of quantitative chemicals analysis in which the constituent sought is
converted into a substance (of known composition) that can be separated from the
sample and weighed
INFILTROMETER
Device used to measure the rate of water infiltration into soil or other porous media.
HYDROMETER
Device used to measure characteristics of a liquid, such as density or specific gravity
CRITICAL STEP HEIGHT
