Age of Absolutism Quiz Review World
History 2022
Philip II
The son of Charles V was born and educated in Spain. He ruled Spain until his death.
*Built a huge empire
*Defended Catholicism
*Fought against the Ottoman Empire
*Sent the Spanish Armada to punish Protestant England.
Absolute Monarch
A king or queen with complete authority, (Political, Economic, Religious and Social
control) over the government and people in a kingdom.
Divine Right of Kings
the idea that God created the monarchy and that the monarch acted as God's
representative on Earth
Causes of the weakening of the Spanish Empire
1) Inflation and Taxes
2) Making Spains Enemies Rich - Increased exports, huge debt
3) The Dutch Revolt
Causes of Absolutism
1) Religious and territorial conflicts created fear and uncertainty.
2) The growth of armies to deal with conflicts caused rulers to raise taxes to pay troops.
3) Heavy taxes led to additional unrest and peasant revolts.
Effects of Absolutism
1) Cultural: Rulers regulated religious worship and social gatherings to control the
spread of ideas.
2) Political: Rulers increased the size of their courts to appear more powerful.
3) Economic: Rulers created more bureaucracies to control their countries economies.
Question: Why did the Dutch revolt against Spain?
Philip raised taxes and took steps to crush Protestantism. They revolted and to punish
them Philip executed 1,500 Protestants. They continued to fight.
Question: Why did absolute monarchs believe that they were justified in
exercising absolute power?
..Because they believed in divine right - God created monarchy and monarch acted as
God's representative.
Edict of Nantes
A 1598 decree by King Henry IV to restore internal peace in France, which had been
torn by the Wars of Religion. The edict gave religious rights to the French Protestants
also known as Huguenots.
Cardinal Richelieu
King Louis XIII was a weak ruler and Richelieu filled the void, more or less running the
empire via his advice to the king. A clever politician and strategist, Richelieu expanded
royal power, punished dissent harshly, and built France into a great European power.
Cardinal Richelieu understood that, in Louis XIV's France, the most important roadblock
to building a strong monarchy was resistance by the great nobles.
Louis XIII
, king of France from 1610 to 1643 who relied heavily on the advice of Cardinal Richelieu
(1601-1643).
Louis XIV
king of France from 1643 to 1715; his long reign was marked by the expansion of
French influence in Europe and by the magnificence of his court and the Palace of
Versailles (1638-1715); Was 4 year old boy when his reign started; Boaste "I am the
state; Was called "The Sun King". Built the palace of Versailles to weaken the power of
the nobles.
Intendants
French government agents who collected taxes and administered justice. This allowed
Louis to build an effective bureaucracy paving the way to absolutism in France.
Jean Baptiste Colbert
This mercantilist economist was the financial advisor to Louis XIV his policies were
based on the economic theory of mercantilism.
Palace of Versailles
a palace built in the 17th century for Louis XIV southwest of Paris near the city of
Versailles to lesson the power of the nobles and demonstrate the power of the king.
War of the Spanish Succession
(1701-1713) war fought over the Spanish throne; Louis XIV wanted it for his son and
fought a war against the Dutch, English, and the Holy Roman Empire to gain the throne
for France. , (1701-1713) war fought over the Spanish throne; Louis XIV wanted it for
his son and fought a war against the Dutch, English, and the Holy Roman Empire to
gain the throne for France. Ended at Utrecht in 1713; The big winner in the war was
Great Britain.
Thirty Years' War
A series of European wars that were partially a Catholic-Protestant religious conflict. It
was primarily a battle between France and their rivals the Hapsburg's, rulers of the Holy
Roman Empire. Wars ended in 1648 after great destruction with Treaty of Westphalia.
Most of the fighting took place in the Germanic lands of the Holy Roman Empire.
Peace of Westphalia
Ended Thirty Years War, its consequences weakened the Hapsburg states of Spain and
Austria, strengthened France by awarding it German Territory, ended religious warfare
in Europe. Made it clear that religion and politics were now separate
Maria Theresa
Proved that women were capable of effectively ruling a country. She was the first
woman monarch to rule in modern Central Europe in 1740. She had to fight off Prussia
as soon as she ascended to the throne to keep her Empire.
Frederick the Great
King of Prussia (1740-1786). Successful in the War of the Austrian Succession (1740-
1748) and the Seven Years' War (1756-1763), he brought Prussia great military prestige
in Europe. He followed his father's military policies and encouraged religious toleration
and legal reforms. Created a military society and had a standing army of 80,000 men
one of the largest and best in Europe
War of Austrian Succession
History 2022
Philip II
The son of Charles V was born and educated in Spain. He ruled Spain until his death.
*Built a huge empire
*Defended Catholicism
*Fought against the Ottoman Empire
*Sent the Spanish Armada to punish Protestant England.
Absolute Monarch
A king or queen with complete authority, (Political, Economic, Religious and Social
control) over the government and people in a kingdom.
Divine Right of Kings
the idea that God created the monarchy and that the monarch acted as God's
representative on Earth
Causes of the weakening of the Spanish Empire
1) Inflation and Taxes
2) Making Spains Enemies Rich - Increased exports, huge debt
3) The Dutch Revolt
Causes of Absolutism
1) Religious and territorial conflicts created fear and uncertainty.
2) The growth of armies to deal with conflicts caused rulers to raise taxes to pay troops.
3) Heavy taxes led to additional unrest and peasant revolts.
Effects of Absolutism
1) Cultural: Rulers regulated religious worship and social gatherings to control the
spread of ideas.
2) Political: Rulers increased the size of their courts to appear more powerful.
3) Economic: Rulers created more bureaucracies to control their countries economies.
Question: Why did the Dutch revolt against Spain?
Philip raised taxes and took steps to crush Protestantism. They revolted and to punish
them Philip executed 1,500 Protestants. They continued to fight.
Question: Why did absolute monarchs believe that they were justified in
exercising absolute power?
..Because they believed in divine right - God created monarchy and monarch acted as
God's representative.
Edict of Nantes
A 1598 decree by King Henry IV to restore internal peace in France, which had been
torn by the Wars of Religion. The edict gave religious rights to the French Protestants
also known as Huguenots.
Cardinal Richelieu
King Louis XIII was a weak ruler and Richelieu filled the void, more or less running the
empire via his advice to the king. A clever politician and strategist, Richelieu expanded
royal power, punished dissent harshly, and built France into a great European power.
Cardinal Richelieu understood that, in Louis XIV's France, the most important roadblock
to building a strong monarchy was resistance by the great nobles.
Louis XIII
, king of France from 1610 to 1643 who relied heavily on the advice of Cardinal Richelieu
(1601-1643).
Louis XIV
king of France from 1643 to 1715; his long reign was marked by the expansion of
French influence in Europe and by the magnificence of his court and the Palace of
Versailles (1638-1715); Was 4 year old boy when his reign started; Boaste "I am the
state; Was called "The Sun King". Built the palace of Versailles to weaken the power of
the nobles.
Intendants
French government agents who collected taxes and administered justice. This allowed
Louis to build an effective bureaucracy paving the way to absolutism in France.
Jean Baptiste Colbert
This mercantilist economist was the financial advisor to Louis XIV his policies were
based on the economic theory of mercantilism.
Palace of Versailles
a palace built in the 17th century for Louis XIV southwest of Paris near the city of
Versailles to lesson the power of the nobles and demonstrate the power of the king.
War of the Spanish Succession
(1701-1713) war fought over the Spanish throne; Louis XIV wanted it for his son and
fought a war against the Dutch, English, and the Holy Roman Empire to gain the throne
for France. , (1701-1713) war fought over the Spanish throne; Louis XIV wanted it for
his son and fought a war against the Dutch, English, and the Holy Roman Empire to
gain the throne for France. Ended at Utrecht in 1713; The big winner in the war was
Great Britain.
Thirty Years' War
A series of European wars that were partially a Catholic-Protestant religious conflict. It
was primarily a battle between France and their rivals the Hapsburg's, rulers of the Holy
Roman Empire. Wars ended in 1648 after great destruction with Treaty of Westphalia.
Most of the fighting took place in the Germanic lands of the Holy Roman Empire.
Peace of Westphalia
Ended Thirty Years War, its consequences weakened the Hapsburg states of Spain and
Austria, strengthened France by awarding it German Territory, ended religious warfare
in Europe. Made it clear that religion and politics were now separate
Maria Theresa
Proved that women were capable of effectively ruling a country. She was the first
woman monarch to rule in modern Central Europe in 1740. She had to fight off Prussia
as soon as she ascended to the throne to keep her Empire.
Frederick the Great
King of Prussia (1740-1786). Successful in the War of the Austrian Succession (1740-
1748) and the Seven Years' War (1756-1763), he brought Prussia great military prestige
in Europe. He followed his father's military policies and encouraged religious toleration
and legal reforms. Created a military society and had a standing army of 80,000 men
one of the largest and best in Europe
War of Austrian Succession
