BIO AC U5 Final Exam 2024 Actual Questions and
Answers Solved 100%
(T1) What is a gene?
A segment of DNA that produces a protein thus determining a trait
(T1) What is a chromosome?
A condensed or compact "rod" of DNA that carries genetic information
(T1) What is DNA?
helical molecule that carries the genetic information of an organism and is passed from parent to
offspring.
(T1) What is a genome?
All the DNA in one cell of an organism
(T1) What is a nucleus?
The control center of the cell; contains the genetic material
(T1) What is a nucleotide?
A small subunit that makes up DNA; building blocks for nucleic acids
(T1) List nucleotide, nucleus, genome, chromosome, gene, and DNA from smallest to largest.
nucleotide, gene, DNA, chromosome, nucleus, genome
(T1) DNA is the _________________ for most organisms
genetic material
(T1) DNA is found in _________________________
all cells of humans except red blood cells
(T1) DNA is a _______ template that can be _________ accurately
physical, copied
(T1) Humans have _______ pairs of chromosomes
23
(T1) Each chromosome is a ______________
long strand of DNA
(T1) DNA's structure consists of ___________________
two strands of connected nucleotides
,(T1) DNA stands for
deoxyribonucleic acid
(T1) To compress into chromosomes, DNA wraps around what?
proteins called histones
(T1) DNA is a
nucleic acid
(T1) Humans have ______ chromosomes
46
(T1) Humans have about ______ genes
25,000
(T1) How many proteins come from your mother? Father?
23, 23
(T1) Just by looking at someone's chromosomes, you can tell their gender by looking at their _______
chromosome
23rd
(T1) Just by looking at someone's chromosomes, you tell if they are a boy if their 23rd pair is
__________
XY
(T1) Just by looking at someone's chromosomes, you tell if they are a girl if their 23rd pair is __________
XX
A girl's 23rd pair of chromosomes is XX. This is known as the _________________ sex
homogametic
A boy's 23rd pair of chromosomes is XY. This is known as the _________________ sex
heterogametic
(T2) DNA's presence has been known since ___________, but its function hasn't always been clear.
1874
(T2) Who did the pneumonia-mouse experiment?
Frederick Griffith
(T2) What year did Griffith do his experiment?
, 1928
(T2) Griffith's goal was to
cure (vaccine) pneumonia
(T2) What were the two versions of pneumonia Griffith used?
R and S strains
(T2) R strain refers to the _________ strain
rough
(T2) S strain refers to the _________ strain
smooth
(T2) When Griffith gave the mice S bacteria, they
died
(T2) When Griffith gave the mice R bacteria, they
lived
(T2) When Griffith gave the mice killed S bacteria (heated), they
lived
(T2) When Griffith gave the mice killed S bacteria (heated) with R bacteria, they
died
(T2) Why did the heated S bacteria not give the mice pneumonia and kill them?
The heat denatured the bacteria, rendering it useless
(T2) Why did the killed S bacteria (heated) with R bacteria, kill the mice?
The DNA that was inside of the killed S bacteria was able to go into the R bacteria which was still
functioning. The DNA went inside and transformed the R bacteria into S bacteria.
(T2) Who coined the phrase "transformation"?
Frederick Griffith
(T2) How do we know that DNA, not protein, changed the R strain to an S strain?
The protein was denatured, meaning that something that heat didn't kill got into the R strain.
(T2) Transformation
A change in the genotype and phenotype due to the assimilation of external DNA by a cell.
(T2) What transformation occurred in Griffith's experiment?
Answers Solved 100%
(T1) What is a gene?
A segment of DNA that produces a protein thus determining a trait
(T1) What is a chromosome?
A condensed or compact "rod" of DNA that carries genetic information
(T1) What is DNA?
helical molecule that carries the genetic information of an organism and is passed from parent to
offspring.
(T1) What is a genome?
All the DNA in one cell of an organism
(T1) What is a nucleus?
The control center of the cell; contains the genetic material
(T1) What is a nucleotide?
A small subunit that makes up DNA; building blocks for nucleic acids
(T1) List nucleotide, nucleus, genome, chromosome, gene, and DNA from smallest to largest.
nucleotide, gene, DNA, chromosome, nucleus, genome
(T1) DNA is the _________________ for most organisms
genetic material
(T1) DNA is found in _________________________
all cells of humans except red blood cells
(T1) DNA is a _______ template that can be _________ accurately
physical, copied
(T1) Humans have _______ pairs of chromosomes
23
(T1) Each chromosome is a ______________
long strand of DNA
(T1) DNA's structure consists of ___________________
two strands of connected nucleotides
,(T1) DNA stands for
deoxyribonucleic acid
(T1) To compress into chromosomes, DNA wraps around what?
proteins called histones
(T1) DNA is a
nucleic acid
(T1) Humans have ______ chromosomes
46
(T1) Humans have about ______ genes
25,000
(T1) How many proteins come from your mother? Father?
23, 23
(T1) Just by looking at someone's chromosomes, you can tell their gender by looking at their _______
chromosome
23rd
(T1) Just by looking at someone's chromosomes, you tell if they are a boy if their 23rd pair is
__________
XY
(T1) Just by looking at someone's chromosomes, you tell if they are a girl if their 23rd pair is __________
XX
A girl's 23rd pair of chromosomes is XX. This is known as the _________________ sex
homogametic
A boy's 23rd pair of chromosomes is XY. This is known as the _________________ sex
heterogametic
(T2) DNA's presence has been known since ___________, but its function hasn't always been clear.
1874
(T2) Who did the pneumonia-mouse experiment?
Frederick Griffith
(T2) What year did Griffith do his experiment?
, 1928
(T2) Griffith's goal was to
cure (vaccine) pneumonia
(T2) What were the two versions of pneumonia Griffith used?
R and S strains
(T2) R strain refers to the _________ strain
rough
(T2) S strain refers to the _________ strain
smooth
(T2) When Griffith gave the mice S bacteria, they
died
(T2) When Griffith gave the mice R bacteria, they
lived
(T2) When Griffith gave the mice killed S bacteria (heated), they
lived
(T2) When Griffith gave the mice killed S bacteria (heated) with R bacteria, they
died
(T2) Why did the heated S bacteria not give the mice pneumonia and kill them?
The heat denatured the bacteria, rendering it useless
(T2) Why did the killed S bacteria (heated) with R bacteria, kill the mice?
The DNA that was inside of the killed S bacteria was able to go into the R bacteria which was still
functioning. The DNA went inside and transformed the R bacteria into S bacteria.
(T2) Who coined the phrase "transformation"?
Frederick Griffith
(T2) How do we know that DNA, not protein, changed the R strain to an S strain?
The protein was denatured, meaning that something that heat didn't kill got into the R strain.
(T2) Transformation
A change in the genotype and phenotype due to the assimilation of external DNA by a cell.
(T2) What transformation occurred in Griffith's experiment?
