LATEST MGN 470 Chapter 4- Hazard Recognition Risk Assessment and Control Exam Questions With Correct Answers

Learning Objectives - ANSWER- Define key terms used in the field of OH&S Identify the sources of workplace hazards Describe the types of injuries caused by workplace hazards Identify types of workplace hazards Describe methods for systematically examining workplace hazards and risk Describe the processes for controlling hazards and managing risk Hazard Recognition and Identification - ANSWER- People People - ANSWER- Human factor When a person causes an accident by: -Commission (doing something) -Poor judgment, or -Omission (failing to do something) Unsafe act -A deviation from standard job procedures or practices that increases a worker's exposure to a hazard Equipment - ANSWER- Under certain conditions or situations, the tools, machines, or equipment people use and work near can be hazardous Examples of equipment that can be hazardous: Defective tools (broken ladder) and unguarded moving machinery (unguarded saw blades in a butcher shop) Environment - ANSWER- Improper illumination—Too dark or too much glare Poor exhaust or ventilation systems—The toxic vapours from a process hang in the air rather than being removed Adverse temperature conditions—Working around a furnace on a hot summer day Poor indoor air quality—Odours and stuffiness Materials - ANSWER- Any workplace substance, matter, or provisions used for production that have the potential to cause harm or loss especially if handled For instance, certain cleaning materials such as ammonia and bleach should never be mixed together because the mixture results in a toxic chemical reaction Processes - ANSWER- When combining people, equipment, environment, and materials with the purpose of production of a good or service a process is involved Involve the flow of work and include factors such as design, pace, and organization of the various types of work via policies, procedures, and work processes Components of the Hazard Identification Program - ANSWER- Identifying hazards in the workplace Visible inspection of the workplace or taking air samples to test for suspected contaminants Walk-through surveys Safety sampling Task and Job Inventory - ANSWER- Job description The content and hierarchy specific to a particular job Job specification The requirements necessary to perform the various functions of the job Audits and Reports - ANSWER- Review of reports Filed after an incident, accident, or injury or as part of a safety inspection Provide valuable information on hazards Audit information -Reviewing records of all injuries, accidents, incidents, workplace design changes, and environmental sampling -Useful source for cataloguing hazards Computers to store, analyze, and report on hazards and incidents -Facilitates identification of hazards by type or department Hazard Analysis - ANSWER- Orderly, analytical technique that examines a system for most probable hazards having the severest consequences Establish corrective or control mechanisms Positive Tree Illustration of how job should be done Fault Tree Illustration of things that can go wrong Risk Assessment - ANSWER- Risk Probability of an injury harm or loss Probability Chance or likelihood that an event will occur Consequences Severity of the injury, harm, or loss Types of Injuries - ANSWER- Injury Overt traumatic injuries Any trauma, physical or mental, direct or indirect, acute or chronic, experienced by a human being Overexertion injuries Injuries resulting from excessive physical effort, repetitive motions, and, possibly, awkward working positions Overt Traumatic Injuries Common cause of workplace accidents is individuals coming into contact with objects and equipment Examples: Struck by overhead falling objects Drop materials on themselves, resulting in crush injuries Caught in, under, or between (CIUB) machinery Falls Contact with sources of energy such as electricity, chemicals, and heat Injury - ANSWER- Any trauma, physical or mental, direct or indirect, acute or chronic, experienced by a human being Overt Traumatic Injuries - ANSWER- Injuries resulting from coming into contact with an energy source Common cause of workplace accidents is individuals coming into contact with objects and equipment Examples: Struck by overhead falling objects Drop materials on themselves, resulting in crush injuries Caught in, under, or between (CIUB) machinery Falls Contact with sources of energy such as electricity, chemicals, and heat Overexertion injuries - ANSWER- Injuries resulting from excessive physical effort, repetitive motions, and, possibly, awkward working positions When lifting activities are identified as a workplace hazard: Materials handling can be Mechanized through use of conveyors and forklift trucks Automated through use of guided vehicles Inventory systems can be installed that allow computer-controlled machines to pick up or stock inventory Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSI) - ANSWER- Becoming the most common occupational injury Origins of RSI: Unnatural joint position or posture Force application to hinge joints Activity repetition Pre-existing conditions Unnatural joint position or posture - ANSWER- If joint is forced to work in unnatural or stressed position Force application to hinge joints - ANSWER- When lifting while bent, wrist joint can begin to ache and repetition of the activity can result in a loss of strength Activity repetition - ANSWER- Keyboarding or using a hammer involve a repetitive flexing of fingers and wrists Pre-existing conditions - ANSWER- Arthritis and circulation disorders can have a synergistic effect on RSI conditions Awkward Working Positions - ANSWER- Strains and sprains can result from: