Safety and Infection Control Exam Questions With Complete Solutions.

Safety and Infection Control Exam Questions With Complete Solutions. Which nursing action would be included in the plan of care for a child with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis? Monitoring for seizures Cerebral edema from hypertension or cerebral ischemia may occur, which may result in seizures (Measure abdominal girth for children with nephrotic syndrome, in which hypoalbuminemia that causes fluid to child from plasma to the abdominal cavity) Which STI is most commonly reported? Chlamydia An adolescent girl with a seizure disorder refuses to wear a medical alert bracelet. Which would the nurse tell the girl that may help her wear the bracelet consistently? Select a bracelet that is similar to one worn by peers Which antibody forms FIRST, after exposure to an antigen? IgM first antibody formed by a newly sensitized B-lymphocyte plasma cell IgA: very low circulating levels and is reponsible for preventing infection in the upper and lower respiratory tracts, and the GI/GU tracts IgE: variable concentrations in the blood and is associated with antibody-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. IgG: heavily expressed on second and subsequent exposures to antigen to provide sustained, long-term immunity against invading microorganisms. The school nurse is planning to teach the importance of hand washing to the children in first grade. Which is the MOST effective approach for this age group? Demonstrating hand washing and asking for return demonstrations 6 year olds are still in the perceptual phase of cognitive development. They base judgments on what they see rather than on what they reason; reasoning begins around age 7. These children are at the developmental stage where they want to show off their accomplishments; just watching without feedback is not sufficient at this stage. Which of these age groups has the highest incidence of lead poisoning? Toddler highest in late infancy and toddlerhood. increased level of oral activity, put objects into their mouths Adults: increased risk of cardiovascular and pulmonary disease Adolescents: drowning and motor vehicle accidents School age: bike accidents Which team member acts as a liaison between the healthcare facility and the media? Public information officer Triage officer: applies disaster triage tags after evaluating the client's condition. The medical command physician decides the number, acuity, and resource needs to clients. The hospital incident commander assumes overall leadership for implementing the emergency plan. How do toddlers learn self-protection? Through trial and error strategies the toddler is developing autonomy, is curious, and learns self-protection from experience. toddlerhood play is parallel, not interactive. the struggle for autonomy at this age limits learning from siblings, even though the toddler attempts to copy their behavior. Which reaction is an example of a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction? Anaphylaxis -Serum sickness is type 3 immune complex reaction. -Contact dermatitis is type 4 delayed hypersensitivity reaction -Blood transfusion is type 2 cytotoxic reaction The nurse explains to the parents of a 6 year old child with a pinworm infestations how pinworms are transmitted. Which statement indicates that the teaching has been understood? she needs to wash her hands before eating anything Which STI causes condylomata acuminate? HPV they are genital warts that are caused by HPV. A child becomes cyanotic during a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Which is the most appropriate action by the nurse? Continuing to observe the seizure - the child's status and the progression of the seizure should be monitored; the child will not breathe until the seizure is over, and cyanosis should subside at that time. For which client illness would airborne precautions be implemented? Chickenpox Droplet: influenza and pneumonia Direct contact: RSV Which intervention would the nurse encourage the parents of a child with plumbism (lead poisoning) to do? Assess the family's home environment for lead sources and have them removed Which manifestation indicated tertiary syphilis? A: Gummas (chronic, destructive lesions affecting the skin, bone, liver, and mm) Chancre: during primary syphilis Alopecia and condylomata occur during secondary syphilis The nurse is planning to teach the four-point alternate crutch gait to a 9-year old child with Cerebral Palsy. How would the nurse explain this choice to the parents? It provides for equal but partial weight bearing on each limb four-point alternate crutch gait is a simply, slow, stable gait because there are always 3 points of support on the floor with equal but partial weight bearing on each limb Which stage of the HIV would a client with a CD4+ T Cell count of 325 cells/ mm3 be classified? Stage 2 Stage 1: greater than 500 Stage 2: 200-499 Stage 3: less than 200 Stage 4: client with confirmed infection by no information regarding CD4 T cell counts available Which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care for a client admitted with herpes zoster? Acylovir Silvadine (can be applied to open vesicles) Gabapentin (to treat nerve pain associated with herpes zoster) Wet compresses (to relieve discomfort) Contact isolation (HZ is highly contagious) Which statement by parents indicates that teaching has been effective regarding their child's pinworm infestation? "Ill have to reinforce her hand-washing habits before she handles food" Pinworms are transferred by anal-oral route pinworms are found in the rectum or colon and travel to the perianal area only when the person sleeps The nurse is preparing a child who has undergone a myringotomy for discharge. Which would the parents be taught about their child's care at home? Insert earplugs whenever a bath is given water in the ears about myringotomy supports the growth of pathogens and should be avoided the ears should be kept open to air and allowed to drain naturally. Which object would the nurse teach the client with a newly implanted pacemaker to avoid?