msn 570 patho midterm exam review (questions and amswers)

msn 570 patho midterm exam review (questions and amswers) respiratory zone - CORRECT ANSWER-respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli What does the Respiratory Zone do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Allow inhaled oxygen to diffuse into the lung capillaries in exchange for CO2 Conducting Zone - CORRECT ANSWER-nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles What does conducting zone do? - CORRECT ANSWER-conducts air to respiratory zone, humidifies, warms, and filters air Most common cancer mutation? - CORRECT ANSWER-Acquired What does anticholinergic mean? - CORRECT ANSWER-blockade of muscarinic receptors - This inhibits nerve impulses responsible for involuntary muscle movements and various bodily functions What does dopamine do? - CORRECT ANSWER-influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion. Dopamine enables neurons in your brain to communicate and control movement. What does messenger RNA do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Transcribes information from the DNA in the nucleus and carries it to the cytoplasm, and then to the ribosome. Single-stranded, intermediate molecule. Carries the instructions for making proteins. What do ribosomes do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Make proteins (protein synthesis) Neurotransmitters - CORRECT ANSWER-chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons Neurotransmitters at the parasympathetic postganglionic synapses - CORRECT ANSWER-Acetylcholine and nitric oxide Atropine Neurotransmitters - CORRECT ANSWER-Atropine is a muscarinic receptor antagonist that is used to inhibit the effects of excessive vagal activation on the heart, which is manifested as sinus bradycardia and AV nodal block. Therefore, atropine can