Fundamentals HESI Exam Questions and Correct
Answers, With Complete Solution.
What does PASS stand for?
Pull the pin
Aim for the base of the flames
Squeeze handle
Sweep
What does RACE stand for?
Rescue the patient
Activate alarm
Confine or contain
Extinguish
What is another name for fever?
Pyrexia
Hyperpyrexia
Fever above 105.8 degrees Fahrenheit
Why should you think carefully before giving an antipyretic?
Because fever up to a certain point is beneficial
If a patient is hypothermic, do NOT use ______ or ______.
Electric blankets or pulse oximetry; electric blankets burn vasoconstricted skin easily
Hyperventilation
Rapid and deep breathing resulting in excess loss of CO2 (hypocapnia)
Hypoventilation
Rate and depth of respirations are decreased and CO2 is retained (hypercapnia)
What is another word for arterial compliance?
Arterial elasticity
Dorsal recumbent position
Supine with knees flexed; used to promote relaxation of abdominal muscles
Lithotomy position
Dorsal recumbent position with feet in stirrups
Sims' position
Flexion of the hip and knees in a side-lying position; used to examine the rectal area
and if a female is unable to assume the lithotomy position
Prone position
Lying on stomach
Fowler's and semi-Fowler's position
Laying on back with head of bed elevated 60 degrees for Fowler's and 30-45 degrees
for semi-Fowler's
Chain of infection (6 links)
1) Infectious agent
2) Reservoir
3) Portal of exit
4) Mode of transmission
, 5) Portal of entry
6) Susceptible host
5 stages of infection
Incubation, prodromal, illness, decline, convalescence
Emerging infectious disease
Newly identified diseases causes by unrecognized or known microorganism
Normal WBC count
5,000 to 10,000
Normal iron level
60-90 g/100 mg
Asepsis
Absence of contamination (clean)
Disinfection
Removing virtually all pathogens but does not guarantee that all pathogens are
eliminated
Sterilization
Elimination of all microbes (except prions) ex: IV and urinary catheters, needles, chest
tubes, etc.
Contact precautions
-Most common form of transmission
-Use gown and gloves
-Remove PPE and wash hands BEFORE leaving room
Droplet precautions
-Wear gown, mask, gloves
-Remove gloves first, then gown and mask
Airborne precautions
-Includes TB, varicella (chickenpox), SARS (pneumonia), and rubeola (measles)
-Wear gown, N-95 mask, gloves
-Remove mask OUTSIDE the room after closing the door
Protective, or reverse isolation
-Immunosuppressed patients (low WBC counts, chemotherapy, large open wounds)
-Make sure equipment is disinfected BEFORE it is taken into the room
What is the most common incident reported in hospitals?
Falls
What do you if someone is choking?
Ask, "Are you choking?" and then call 911 immediately
Release restraints at least every ____ hours.
2
What religious group prohibits receiving care from a member of the opposite
sex?
Orthodox Judaism
Maceration
Softening of the skin that leads to more easy breakdown
Partial bath
Cleansing only the areas that cause odor or discomfort, such as the axillae and
perineum
Answers, With Complete Solution.
What does PASS stand for?
Pull the pin
Aim for the base of the flames
Squeeze handle
Sweep
What does RACE stand for?
Rescue the patient
Activate alarm
Confine or contain
Extinguish
What is another name for fever?
Pyrexia
Hyperpyrexia
Fever above 105.8 degrees Fahrenheit
Why should you think carefully before giving an antipyretic?
Because fever up to a certain point is beneficial
If a patient is hypothermic, do NOT use ______ or ______.
Electric blankets or pulse oximetry; electric blankets burn vasoconstricted skin easily
Hyperventilation
Rapid and deep breathing resulting in excess loss of CO2 (hypocapnia)
Hypoventilation
Rate and depth of respirations are decreased and CO2 is retained (hypercapnia)
What is another word for arterial compliance?
Arterial elasticity
Dorsal recumbent position
Supine with knees flexed; used to promote relaxation of abdominal muscles
Lithotomy position
Dorsal recumbent position with feet in stirrups
Sims' position
Flexion of the hip and knees in a side-lying position; used to examine the rectal area
and if a female is unable to assume the lithotomy position
Prone position
Lying on stomach
Fowler's and semi-Fowler's position
Laying on back with head of bed elevated 60 degrees for Fowler's and 30-45 degrees
for semi-Fowler's
Chain of infection (6 links)
1) Infectious agent
2) Reservoir
3) Portal of exit
4) Mode of transmission
, 5) Portal of entry
6) Susceptible host
5 stages of infection
Incubation, prodromal, illness, decline, convalescence
Emerging infectious disease
Newly identified diseases causes by unrecognized or known microorganism
Normal WBC count
5,000 to 10,000
Normal iron level
60-90 g/100 mg
Asepsis
Absence of contamination (clean)
Disinfection
Removing virtually all pathogens but does not guarantee that all pathogens are
eliminated
Sterilization
Elimination of all microbes (except prions) ex: IV and urinary catheters, needles, chest
tubes, etc.
Contact precautions
-Most common form of transmission
-Use gown and gloves
-Remove PPE and wash hands BEFORE leaving room
Droplet precautions
-Wear gown, mask, gloves
-Remove gloves first, then gown and mask
Airborne precautions
-Includes TB, varicella (chickenpox), SARS (pneumonia), and rubeola (measles)
-Wear gown, N-95 mask, gloves
-Remove mask OUTSIDE the room after closing the door
Protective, or reverse isolation
-Immunosuppressed patients (low WBC counts, chemotherapy, large open wounds)
-Make sure equipment is disinfected BEFORE it is taken into the room
What is the most common incident reported in hospitals?
Falls
What do you if someone is choking?
Ask, "Are you choking?" and then call 911 immediately
Release restraints at least every ____ hours.
2
What religious group prohibits receiving care from a member of the opposite
sex?
Orthodox Judaism
Maceration
Softening of the skin that leads to more easy breakdown
Partial bath
Cleansing only the areas that cause odor or discomfort, such as the axillae and
perineum
