Exam 2: NSG123/ NSG 123 (NEW 2024/ 2025 Update) Med Surg 1| Review with Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct- Herzing

GERD review questions with correct answers 2024/2025 update A 35-year-old woman complains of a 6-month his- tory of periodic "heartburn" primarily after eating tomato-based sauces. Her weight is unchanged and examination reveals a single altered finding of epigastric tenderness without rebound. As first-line therapy, you advise: A. avoiding trigger foods. B. the use of a prokinetic agent. C. addition of sucralfate with meals. D. increased fluid intake with food intake. A. avoiding trigger foods. Initial therapy for patients with GERD includes identifying trigger foods and reducing their intake. Most commonly mentioned food includes alcohol, tomato-based products, chocolate, peppermint, colas, citrus juices, and food high in fat content. A 38-year-old nonsmoking man presents with signs and symptoms consistent of GERD. He has self-treated with over-the-counter antacids and acid suppression therapy with effect. His weight is stable, and he denies nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or melena. Which of the following represents the most appropriate diagnostic plan for this patient? A. fecal testing for H. pylori antigen B. upper GI endoscopy C. barium swallow D. no specific diagnostic testing is needed D. no specific diagnostic testing is needed In caring for a patient with symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux, you prescribe a PPI to: A. enhance motility. B. increase the pH of the stomach. C. reduce lower esophageal pressure. D. help limit H. pylori growth. B. increase the pH of the stomach. Why is use of Omeprazole or Esomeprzole contraindicated in patients taking Clopigogrel? It can decrease the effect of Clopidogrel Which patients should maintenance PPI therapy be given in? (Select all that apply) A. All patients with GERD B. Patients who continue to have symptoms after an 8 week PPI therapy C. In patients with erosive esophagitis D. In patients with Barrets esophagus B, C, & D True or False: Most patients with non-erosive disease can be managed on intermittent, on-demand PPI therapy True When is the only time that sulcrafate might be indicated for the treatment of GERD? Only indicated in pregnancy but PPIs are considered safe so sulcrafate should rarely be used What are ALARM symptoms of GERD? Dysphagia Early satiety GI bleeding Odynophagia Vomiting Weight loss Iron deficiency anemia Which of the following is most likely to be found in a 50-year-old woman with new-onset reflux esophagitis? A. recent initiation of estrogen-progestin hormonal therapy B. recent weight loss C. report of melena D. evidence of H. pylori infection A. recent initiation of estrogen-progestin hormonal therapy Which of the following is likely to be reported in a patient with persistent GERD? A. hematemesis B. chronic sore throat C. diarrhea D. melena B. chronic sore throat A 58-year-old man recently began taking an antihyper- tensive medication and reports that his "heartburn" has become much worse. He is most likely taking: A. atenolol. B. trandolapril. C. amlodipine. D. losartan. C. amlodipine A 48-year-old man with obesity and a 1-year history of classic GERD symptoms has been on the consistent use of a therapeutic dose of a PPI for the past 6 months. He states he is "really no better with the medicine and I have cut out most of the food that bothers my stom- ach. I even cut out all alcohol and soda." Physical exam- ination reveals stable weight, mildly erythematous pharynx, and epigastric tenderness without rebound. Next step options include: A. obtaining an upper GI series. B. referral for GERD surgery. C. further evaluation with upper GI endoscopy. D. obtaining FOBT testing. C. further evaluation with upper GI endoscopy. - Failed treatment indicates needed for GI referral Which of the following is not an "alarm" finding in the person with GERD symptoms? A. weight gain B. dysphagia C. odynophagia D. iron-deficiency anemia A. weight gain Risk factors for Barrett esophagus include all of the following except: A. history of cigarette smoking. B. older than 50 years of age. C. male gender. D. African American ethnicity. D. African American ethnicity. What is the most common GERD presentation? The most common GERD presentation includes dyspepsia, chest pain at rest, and postprandial fullness.