lOMoAR cPSD| 36357603
lOMoAR cPSD| 36357603
VECTOR BORNE INFECTIONS
Vector-Borne disease is a disease that results from an
infection transmited to humans and other animals by
blood-feeding anthropods such as mosquitoes, ticks and
fleas examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue
fever, West Nile virus, Lyme disease and malaria
LEPTOSPIROSIS
Synonyms:
• Mud fever, swamp fever, canicola fever, Weil’s
POPULATION AT RISK
disease, swine herd’s disease, ictero-
hemorrhagia • Farmers
Causative agent: • Sewage workers
• Leptospira interrogans spirochetes • Miners
Mode of transmission: • Slaughterhouse workers
• People living in frequently flooded areas
DIAGNOSTIC TEST
• LMAT – leptospira Microscopic Agglutinationtest
• LAAT – Leptospira Antigen-Antibody Test
• Liver Function test BUN, CREATININE
DRUG TREATMENT
• Antibiotics: penicillin, doxycycline, Teracycline (not
• Vector-borne transmission (urine of rats) given to < 8 yres old and pregnant women)
Incubation period:
• 5-14 days
STAGE OF INFECTION
• Relapse may happen on 4th-5th week
o Septicemic/septic stage (4-7 days)
o Immune or toxic stage (4-30 days)
o Convalescence stage
PATHOGNOMONIC SIGN
• Conjunctival suffusion
(orange eye)
, lOMoAR cPSD| 36357603
!!! Do not give calcium rich ↓
foods (tetracycline
binds with calcium)
• Prophylaxis – doxy 100 mg p.o q12 x 7 days
NURSING MANAGEMENT
• Symptomatic and supportive
• Monitor urine output
PREVENTIVE MANAGEMENT
• Eradicate rats – environmental
sanitation, ratpoisons
• Avoid wading in contaminated pool of
water/swamps
DENGUE
• Tropical disease caused by different
strains of dengue virus which are
transmitted by mosquitoes.
Synonyms:
• Dandy fever, break bone fever
Causative Agent
• Arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus)
belonging tothe family flaviviride 4
serotypes (DENV 1,2,3,4)
Mode of Transmission:
• Vector-borne
Incubation period:
• 3-14 days
DENGUE VECTORS
• Low flying day-biting breeds on stagnant water
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
• Infectious virus is deposited in
the skin viavector
↓
There is marked increase in
vascularpermeability,
hemoconcentration,
thrombocytopenia with
increased agglutinability
lOMoAR cPSD| 36357603
VECTOR BORNE INFECTIONS
Vector-Borne disease is a disease that results from an
infection transmited to humans and other animals by
blood-feeding anthropods such as mosquitoes, ticks and
fleas examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue
fever, West Nile virus, Lyme disease and malaria
LEPTOSPIROSIS
Synonyms:
• Mud fever, swamp fever, canicola fever, Weil’s
POPULATION AT RISK
disease, swine herd’s disease, ictero-
hemorrhagia • Farmers
Causative agent: • Sewage workers
• Leptospira interrogans spirochetes • Miners
Mode of transmission: • Slaughterhouse workers
• People living in frequently flooded areas
DIAGNOSTIC TEST
• LMAT – leptospira Microscopic Agglutinationtest
• LAAT – Leptospira Antigen-Antibody Test
• Liver Function test BUN, CREATININE
DRUG TREATMENT
• Antibiotics: penicillin, doxycycline, Teracycline (not
• Vector-borne transmission (urine of rats) given to < 8 yres old and pregnant women)
Incubation period:
• 5-14 days
STAGE OF INFECTION
• Relapse may happen on 4th-5th week
o Septicemic/septic stage (4-7 days)
o Immune or toxic stage (4-30 days)
o Convalescence stage
PATHOGNOMONIC SIGN
• Conjunctival suffusion
(orange eye)
, lOMoAR cPSD| 36357603
!!! Do not give calcium rich ↓
foods (tetracycline
binds with calcium)
• Prophylaxis – doxy 100 mg p.o q12 x 7 days
NURSING MANAGEMENT
• Symptomatic and supportive
• Monitor urine output
PREVENTIVE MANAGEMENT
• Eradicate rats – environmental
sanitation, ratpoisons
• Avoid wading in contaminated pool of
water/swamps
DENGUE
• Tropical disease caused by different
strains of dengue virus which are
transmitted by mosquitoes.
Synonyms:
• Dandy fever, break bone fever
Causative Agent
• Arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus)
belonging tothe family flaviviride 4
serotypes (DENV 1,2,3,4)
Mode of Transmission:
• Vector-borne
Incubation period:
• 3-14 days
DENGUE VECTORS
• Low flying day-biting breeds on stagnant water
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
• Infectious virus is deposited in
the skin viavector
↓
There is marked increase in
vascularpermeability,
hemoconcentration,
thrombocytopenia with
increased agglutinability
