PSYCHIATRIC MENTAL HEALTH
DISORDERS
Mood Alterations
Review Exam
Q&A
2024
,Question 1:
Mary is a 35-year-old woman who has been feeling sad, hopeless, and
worthless for the past two weeks. She has lost interest in her hobbies and
activities that she used to enjoy. She has trouble sleeping, eating, and
concentrating. She often thinks about death and suicide. She has no
history of substance abuse or medical conditions.
What is the most likely diagnosis for Mary?
A) Bipolar I disorder
B) Bipolar II disorder
C) Major depressive disorder
D) Persistent depressive disorder
Answer: C) Major depressive disorder
Rationale: Mary meets the criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD),
which is a mood disorder characterized by at least one episode of
depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in most or all activities,
lasting for at least two weeks, and causing significant impairment in
functioning. MDD is also associated with other symptoms such as
insomnia or hypersomnia, appetite changes, fatigue, difficulty thinking or
concentrating, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, and recurrent thoughts of
death or suicide. Mary does not have any history or symptoms of mania or
hypomania, which are required for the diagnosis of bipolar I disorder or
bipolar II disorder. Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) is a mood
disorder that involves chronic low-grade depression that lasts for at least
two years, but it is less severe than MDD.
Question 2:
John is a 22-year-old college student who has been experiencing episodes
of extreme euphoria, increased energy, racing thoughts, and impulsive
behavior for the past week. He has been spending money recklessly,
engaging in risky sexual activities, and skipping classes. He also has
, periods of irritability and aggression when confronted by others. He has a
family history of bipolar disorder.
What is the most likely diagnosis for John?
A) Bipolar I disorder
B) Bipolar II disorder
C) Cyclothymic disorder
D) Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
Answer: A) Bipolar I disorder
Rationale: John meets the criteria for bipolar I disorder, which is a mood
disorder characterized by at least one episode of mania, a state of elevated
or irritable mood and increased activity or energy that lasts for at least one
week and causes significant impairment in functioning. Mania is also
associated with other symptoms such as inflated self-esteem or
grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, pressured speech, flight of ideas,
distractibility, increased goal-directed activity or agitation, and excessive
involvement in pleasurable but risky behaviors. John does not have any
history or symptoms of depression, which is required for the diagnosis of
bipolar II disorder. Cyclothymic disorder is a mood disorder that involves
alternating periods of hypomania and mild depression that last for at least
two years, but they are less severe than mania or MDD. Disruptive mood
dysregulation disorder is a childhood mood disorder that involves frequent
and severe temper outbursts that are disproportionate to the situation and
inconsistent with the developmental level.
Question 3:
Anna is a 28-year-old woman who has been feeling low and unhappy for
most of her adult life. She has low self-esteem, poor motivation, and
difficulty making decisions. She often feels hopeless and pessimistic
about her future. She has never had an episode of major depression or
mania.
What is the most likely diagnosis for Anna?
DISORDERS
Mood Alterations
Review Exam
Q&A
2024
,Question 1:
Mary is a 35-year-old woman who has been feeling sad, hopeless, and
worthless for the past two weeks. She has lost interest in her hobbies and
activities that she used to enjoy. She has trouble sleeping, eating, and
concentrating. She often thinks about death and suicide. She has no
history of substance abuse or medical conditions.
What is the most likely diagnosis for Mary?
A) Bipolar I disorder
B) Bipolar II disorder
C) Major depressive disorder
D) Persistent depressive disorder
Answer: C) Major depressive disorder
Rationale: Mary meets the criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD),
which is a mood disorder characterized by at least one episode of
depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in most or all activities,
lasting for at least two weeks, and causing significant impairment in
functioning. MDD is also associated with other symptoms such as
insomnia or hypersomnia, appetite changes, fatigue, difficulty thinking or
concentrating, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, and recurrent thoughts of
death or suicide. Mary does not have any history or symptoms of mania or
hypomania, which are required for the diagnosis of bipolar I disorder or
bipolar II disorder. Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) is a mood
disorder that involves chronic low-grade depression that lasts for at least
two years, but it is less severe than MDD.
Question 2:
John is a 22-year-old college student who has been experiencing episodes
of extreme euphoria, increased energy, racing thoughts, and impulsive
behavior for the past week. He has been spending money recklessly,
engaging in risky sexual activities, and skipping classes. He also has
, periods of irritability and aggression when confronted by others. He has a
family history of bipolar disorder.
What is the most likely diagnosis for John?
A) Bipolar I disorder
B) Bipolar II disorder
C) Cyclothymic disorder
D) Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
Answer: A) Bipolar I disorder
Rationale: John meets the criteria for bipolar I disorder, which is a mood
disorder characterized by at least one episode of mania, a state of elevated
or irritable mood and increased activity or energy that lasts for at least one
week and causes significant impairment in functioning. Mania is also
associated with other symptoms such as inflated self-esteem or
grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, pressured speech, flight of ideas,
distractibility, increased goal-directed activity or agitation, and excessive
involvement in pleasurable but risky behaviors. John does not have any
history or symptoms of depression, which is required for the diagnosis of
bipolar II disorder. Cyclothymic disorder is a mood disorder that involves
alternating periods of hypomania and mild depression that last for at least
two years, but they are less severe than mania or MDD. Disruptive mood
dysregulation disorder is a childhood mood disorder that involves frequent
and severe temper outbursts that are disproportionate to the situation and
inconsistent with the developmental level.
Question 3:
Anna is a 28-year-old woman who has been feeling low and unhappy for
most of her adult life. She has low self-esteem, poor motivation, and
difficulty making decisions. She often feels hopeless and pessimistic
about her future. She has never had an episode of major depression or
mania.
What is the most likely diagnosis for Anna?
