FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING SPRING 2024 - EXAM 1 REVIEW

FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING SPRING 2024 - EXAM 1 REVIEW How often should an electronic BP cuff be calibrated? Once a year Holistic Health Model The relationships among body, mind, and spirit that contribute to wellness. 1st Step of Scientific Method Identify a problem 2nd Step of Scientific Method Research and gather information 3rd Step of Scientific Method Form a hypothesis 4th Step of Scientific Method Test the hypothesis 5th Step of Scientific Method Analyze data and draw conclusions External Variables Family practices, socioeconomic factors, cultural background Primary Prevention Promotion Education, nutrition, housing, marriage+sex education Primary Prevention Protection Immunization, hygiene, environmental sanitation, occupational hazards, accident protection Secondary Prevention - Prompt Dx and Tx Mass screenings, cure/prevent. Limit disability and death. Secondary Prevention - Disability Limiting Stop disease process, prevent further harm, provision of facilities to prevent death and disability Tertiary Prevention Rehabilitation to the highest level of functioning, helping disabled people return to work and normal life. Prevent deterioration. Normal Monocyte Range 2%-8% Normal Eosinophil Range 1%-4% Normal Basophil Range 0.5%-1.5% Normal Lymphocyte Range 20-40% What measures reduce fever? Promotion of heat loss Promotion of Heat Loss antipyretics, removing covers, cooling blankets Meperidine (Demerol) opioid analgesic that can promote heat loss through PREVENTING shivering Risk Factors in Young-Middle Adults Firearms, substance abuse, inadequate nutrition Risk Factors in Older Adults Falling Risk Factors in Adolescents Suicide External Variables social support, illness visibility, culture, economic background, access to healthcare Internal Variables Patient's perception of disease, coping skills, locus of control Impacts of Illness on the Patient/Family body image, emotional changes, self concept, family roles Healthy People 2030 Attain healthy, thriving lives and well-being, free of preventable disease, disability, injury and premature death. Fear of Falling excessive anxiety about falling that leads to activity avoidance and decline in functioning Educating on fall risk, changes in gait after a stroke, and aging Reduces fear of falling, in turn encouraging patients to maintain mobility and functioning Circadian Temperature Rhythm 24hr body temperature variance - 0.5 to 1 C Magnet Recognition Program - Components Transformational leadership, structural empowerment, strong professional practice Magnet Recognition Program - Forces of Magnetism nursing leadership quality, quality of care, quality improvement, structure, policies, autonomy Disinfecting Process Rinse tool with water, greater # of pathogens = greater amount of disinfectant required Sustained Fever remains elevated with little fluctuation Intermittent Fever Fluctuating fever that returns to or below baseline then rises again. Remittent Fever Fluctuating, remains elevated and does not return to baseline Relapsing Fever Febrile periods over 24 hours, return to baseline over the next 24 hours, and then return of fever over the next day Heatstroke 104 F +, hot dry skin, delirium/coma/convulsions, thirst, nausea, cramps, visual disturbances, high HR/low BP Celsius to Fahrenheit Conversion F = (C * 1.8) + 32 Fahrenheit to Celsius Conversion C = (F - 32) / 1.8 Nursing Intervention - Minimize Heat Production