NURS 5315 FINAL EXAM LATEST 2024
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALE
• A client in respiratory distress and is breathing 33
breaths per minute. Which ABG value is consistent with
the clinical scenario?
• PCO2 15
• pH 7.30
• pH 7.45
O2 sat 100%: A client who is breathing 33 breaths per minute is
hyperventilating and blowing off CO2; therefore the PCO2 level
will be low. The client will most likely experience a respiratory
,alkalosis and the two pH values provided are not consistent with
this diagnosis.
• A client has a sodium level of 115 mEq/L and is
disoriented and lethargic.
Which pathological process best explains this client's
symptoms?
a. The action potential has become hyperpolarized.
• Water has shifted into the neurons and caused them to
swell.
• Water has shifted into the vascular space and dehydrated
the neurons.
• The action potential has become hypopolarized.: b. The
cause of neurologic symptoms associated with a sodium
imbalance is directly related to fluid shifting into or out of the
, neurons of the brain. With a serum sodium of 115 mEq/L, water
shifts into the neurons and causes them to swell.
Hypernatremia causes water to shift out of the cell into the
intravascular space and causes the neurons to become
dehydrated. An alteration in the action potential is not seen with
sodium imbalances.
• 3. A client experiencing dehydration should be monitored
for which electrolyte imbalance?
• a. Hyperkalemia
• Hypocalcemia
• Hypercalcemia
• Hyponatermia: a. Serum osmolality is increased during times
of dehydration. An elevated serum osmolality will pull
, potassium into the intravascular space from the intracellular
space and cause a rise in serum potassium.
4. A married couple presents to your office for genetic
counseling. The husband has an autosomal recessive
disease and his wife has a heterozygous genotype for the
disease. They ask you, What is the chance that our baby will
have the disease? Which of the following answers is correct?
25%
50%
75%
100%: A chromosome is a package of material located inside the
cell nucleus which is made of proteins and a single molecule of
DNA. There are 23 pairs of chromosomes in each human cell for
a total of 46 chromosomes. Chromosomes are separated into two
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALE
• A client in respiratory distress and is breathing 33
breaths per minute. Which ABG value is consistent with
the clinical scenario?
• PCO2 15
• pH 7.30
• pH 7.45
O2 sat 100%: A client who is breathing 33 breaths per minute is
hyperventilating and blowing off CO2; therefore the PCO2 level
will be low. The client will most likely experience a respiratory
,alkalosis and the two pH values provided are not consistent with
this diagnosis.
• A client has a sodium level of 115 mEq/L and is
disoriented and lethargic.
Which pathological process best explains this client's
symptoms?
a. The action potential has become hyperpolarized.
• Water has shifted into the neurons and caused them to
swell.
• Water has shifted into the vascular space and dehydrated
the neurons.
• The action potential has become hypopolarized.: b. The
cause of neurologic symptoms associated with a sodium
imbalance is directly related to fluid shifting into or out of the
, neurons of the brain. With a serum sodium of 115 mEq/L, water
shifts into the neurons and causes them to swell.
Hypernatremia causes water to shift out of the cell into the
intravascular space and causes the neurons to become
dehydrated. An alteration in the action potential is not seen with
sodium imbalances.
• 3. A client experiencing dehydration should be monitored
for which electrolyte imbalance?
• a. Hyperkalemia
• Hypocalcemia
• Hypercalcemia
• Hyponatermia: a. Serum osmolality is increased during times
of dehydration. An elevated serum osmolality will pull
, potassium into the intravascular space from the intracellular
space and cause a rise in serum potassium.
4. A married couple presents to your office for genetic
counseling. The husband has an autosomal recessive
disease and his wife has a heterozygous genotype for the
disease. They ask you, What is the chance that our baby will
have the disease? Which of the following answers is correct?
25%
50%
75%
100%: A chromosome is a package of material located inside the
cell nucleus which is made of proteins and a single molecule of
DNA. There are 23 pairs of chromosomes in each human cell for
a total of 46 chromosomes. Chromosomes are separated into two
