Laser Hair Removal Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Updated 2024

Laser Hair Removal Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Updated 2024 What are the layers of the skin? epidermis, dermis, hypodermis What are the 2 classifications of hair? Vellus and terminal hair Pulse duration and fluence for fitz 1,2,3 -Use higher fluences -Shorter pulse duration Pulse duration and fluence for fitz 4,5 -Use a lower fluence -Use a longer pulse duration Normal systemic changes -Puberty -Menopause -Pregnancy What are the factors that activate hair growth? -Increased blood supply to the area (topical stimulation)- accelerates -Hormone stimulation initiates and accelerates What is a chromophore for laser hair removal? Melanin Examples of medical laser wavelengths, the different platforms -Ruby: 694 nm (red light, don't use anymore) -Alexandrite: 755 nm (green light, skin types 1,2,3) -Diode: 800-810 nm (invisible light, skin types 1,2,3,4) -Nd: YAG 1064 nm (neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet) (invisible light, all skin types, not the best but safest for skin types 4 and 5) What are the phases of hair growth anagen, catagen, telogen Anagen -Active hair growth is occurring -in early anagen, the follicle is growing and starting to deepen -Hair is beginning to grow but has not yet reached the surface of the skin -The mid-late anagen follicle has reached its maximum depth. The hair is fully visible terminal hair on the surface of the skin. -The hair shaft bulb is dark or black pigmented and very moist -Dermal papilla directs and supports hair growth, enclosed by hair matrix Catagen -Brief transitional stage -Last only a few days to a few weeks -Hair folicle seperates from the papilla -The hair shaft bulb is lighter or brown pigmented and lighter -Hair folicle shorts 1/3 of its former length -In late catagen, the thin cord of epidermal cells attaching the dermal papilla to the shrunken hair reacts upwards, followed by underlyin g hair papilla, which also movesz upwards. Telogen -Resting or dormant period -The papilla has detached from the follicle - a "club" hair is terminal hair that has separated from the papilla that has risen to the top of the follicle. eventually, it falls out -The hair bulb has shrunken, is white, and consists of keratinized hair matrix cells -Sometimes the follicle doesn't go through this phase. Why gray hair does not absorb laser energy? Grey hair lacks pigment, or they do not have enough pigment granule, so therefore they cannot absorb enough energy from the laser, even with a higher fluence, the hair and the follicle is not destroyed. An alternate method for permanent hair removal must be advised such as electrolysis or ultrasound hair removal. How is the skin nourished? Through blood and lymph 3 types of pigment seen in skin Melanin (brown, red, yellow and black pigment) Hemoglobin (red or bluish undertones of the skin) Carotene (gives yellow undertone) Hormone definition and their function -Hormones are chemical substances that pass from their glands directly into the bloodstream. -Act somewhat as catalysts, which can speed up or slow down the metabolic processes of the body. They travel throughout the body usually targeting certain organs like a key fitting into a certain lock so the role of specific hormones go to specific organs to carry out specialized functions. Why is shaving between treatments ideal for laser hair removal? Because hair grows in different stages, the best way to eliminate hair is to get it treated when it is actively growing. Shave until the hair has finally stopped growing back. After treatment, completely shave all the hairs away. Anything left will cause irritation or surface burns Hirsutism -Excessive and increased hair growth in women's in locations where the occurrence of terminal hair normally is minimal or absent. -It is a male pattern of body hair (androgenic hair) Explain the difference between IPL and Laser, at least 3 points for each IPL -Non-coherent -Unfocused -Intense pulse light devices are non-laser high-intensity light sources that make use of high-output flash lamps to produce a broad wavelength output of non-coherent light usually in the 1200 nm range. -Light pulses are produced by bursts of electrical current passing through a xenon gas-filled chamber. The advantage of the IPL platform is they have a bigger spot size. So the tech can finish the treatment a lot faster lASER -Monochromatic -Coherent -Focused A direct beam of light. The light is energy. All true lasers emit resonant or highly coherent wavelengths. Because photons are travelling side by side, in parallel, the light can travel for very long distances before terminating. The laser light can fire across the room, reflect off tiny surfaces, go through an open door into the clinic, or pass out through an uncovered window. Contraindications for laser treatment (9) -Eyebrows -Mucous membrane areas -Sensitive, reactive skin, heat sensitive skin, miliaria rubra -Pregnancy -Skin cancer -Abnormal growths -Herpes simplex 1 and 2 -Tattoos -Permanent makeup -Photosensitizing medications List main information about the hair and skin that need to be analyzed before treatment Analyzing hair- diameter (size), colour, density and depth. The colour will determine which fluence level you should use. Analyzing skin- colour, Fitzpatrick type, sensitivity and condition. Check the skin for any abnormalities. What causes side effects (6) -The hair is too long -Pulses are overlapping -Rows are overlapping -Poor cooling technique -Incorrect assessment of sun type -Incorrect assessment of hair density -Incorrect assessment of hair colour Structures of terminal hair -Deeply situated, coarse hairs -Have a well-developed root and bulb -Definite pigmentation -They grow from a follicle -They have 3 concentric layers: cuticle, cortex and medulla Pilosebaceous system Hair shaft, hair follicle, sebaceous glands. Saftey precautions (6) -Goggles and eye shields -Laser in use warning side outside the door of the room -Locked door -Minimize reflective surfaces -Patient and laser tech only -Hand piece kept downwards Depilation vs epilation methods -Depilation methods are the removal of hair from the surface of the skin -Laser, shaving, trimming, chemical depilatory. Epilition methods remove the hair from the root such as threading, waxing, plucking, sugaring. Pulse width -pulse is how long the laser is actually on the skin and it determines the clinical effect of the light energy. It is measured in nanoseconds or milliseconds. -The pulse width is a measure of the elapsed time between the leading and trailing edges of a single pulse of energy. Fluence The amount of laser energy Spot size is the diameter of the beam that you will see when applying the laser and it is measured in millimeters. Melanin Pigment granules, which gives color to the hair and skin. Overlapping can only overlap 20% to 30% overlapping on areas treated but it is a technique to ensure that you don't miss any spots Joules Fluence is measure in joules per square centimeter (J/cm2) Acronym for laser Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. Frequency is related to the photon energy and is the number of waves that pass through a given point in one second. It is measured in cycles per second and can be compared to speed. Hypertrichosis -refers to hair density or length beyond the accepted limits of normal for a particular age, race, or sex -Can be categorized into several types: generalized, acquired, pattern, localized, congenital, localized acquired. Thermal Relaxation Time (TRT) is the time between pulses or exposure time. It is a measure of time it takes for energy to be absorbed by it's target (melanin) and diffuse into the surrounding tissue. Perifollicular erythema There will be redness surrounding the hair follicles in the treatment. Perifollicular edema -These should be swelling around each hair follicle -Some patients may experience a high-like response. Lighter hairs may not respond as significantly. What gland secretes sebum? sebaceous gland Does our skin protect us from bacterial invasion? yes After laser hair removal all hair falls out immediately (true or false) false Can ingrown hairs be treated with a laser? yes Is melanin found in the medulla of hair? no it is found in the cortex If you shave an area in early puberty can this cause hair to grow darker and thicker as you grow older? no A hair follicle can be found alone on what gland? sebaceous gland If you have a client experiencing more hair growth around her chin jawline what could she be expierencing? menopause, lacking estrogen To achieve hair removal what stage should hair be in? anagen what does the hair need to be attached to for removal? The papilla Why do we need more than 1 session of laser hair removal? because only the hairs that are in the active growing stage will work, other hairs will grow back Can you treat someone with freshly tanned skin? no Can you treat a 14 year old girl? No you can't you have to wait until they are 18. can you treat a 60 year old male with grey and dark hairs Yes What hair are you treating first? coarse hairs How long should a client wait after having a baby? 6 months Why is it important for a client to let us know their skincare regime that they are using at home? incase of any contraindications, they could be using a photosensitizing medication. If a woman is experiencing or just had her ovaries what systemic life change would she be going through? menopause she will produce more androgen If you have a client that has hormone imbalances, can you do laser on this client? Yes you can, but reccomened them to see a specialist. What fitzpatrick skin types have the greatest risk? 4,5,6 If you notice after treatment the area is red and swollen what would you do? apply cool compress A client who is pregnant and experiencing new hair growth what advice should you give her? Once you finish breastfeeding, and your hormones balance your body will go back to normal, then you can go forward with laser otherwise it is not recommended as the hair could grow back and not be effective.