Foundations of Nursing / Exam
What do vital signs access?
Physiologic function
What do vital signs include?
temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, and pulse oximetry AND pain
What is the typical bladder width of a child's bladder?
Width - 9cm
Length - 18cm
A nurse finds that a radial pulse is weak, how would she go about documenting
that?
+1/4 (weak, on a scale of 0-4)
A nurse takes an oral temp of 101 F, what would the auxiliary temp be?
100 F
How do you convert Celsius to Fahrenheit?
Multiply the temperature by 1.8 and add 32.
How do you convert Fahrenheit to Celsius?
Subtract 32 from temperature, and divide by 1.8.
What is known as a "silent killer" due to its few symptoms?
Hypertension
Orthostatic hypertension, especially in the older adult can predispose a patient
to?
Falls/Injuries
The nurse auscultates the appearance and disappearance of what sounds to
determine blood pressure?
Korotkoff sounds
If the patient blood pressure is inaudible, the nurse may obtain the systolic blood
pressure using what kind of device?
Doppler device
What is Tachycardia?
abnormally fast heart rate (>100 bpm)
What is Palpitation?
Patient is aware of own rapid heartbeat without having to feel their pulse
What is Bradycardia?
abnormally slow heart rate (less than 60 bpm)
What is Pulse Amplitude?
Quality of pulse in terms of fullness; reflects strength of left ventricular contraction
What is Arrhythmia?
Irregular pattern of heartbeat
What is a Pulse Deficit?
Difference in pulse between the left and right radial pulses
What is Apnea
Periods of no breathing
What is Dyspnea?
Difficult of labored breathing
What is Orthopnea?
, Ability to breathe more easily standing upright
What is Tachypnea?
Respiratory breaths > 20/min
What is Ventilation?
Movement of gases in and out of the lungs
What is Respiration?
Involves ventilation, diffusion, and perfusion
What is Pyrexia?
Hyperthermia, body core temp is above 99.5
What is Afebrile?
Person with a normal body temperature
What is Hyperpyrexia?
High fever, typically above 106 F
What is Hypothermia?
Body temperature below the limit of normal (95)
What is Hyperthermia?
Fever caused by extreme heat exposure
What is Ineffective Thermoregulation?
State in which temperature fluctuates between above-normal and below-normal ranges
What is a normal pulse range?
60 to 100 (80 average)
What is a normal respiration range?
12 to 20 breaths/min
What is a normal blood pressure?
120/80
What is a normal Pulse Oximetry?
95-100%
What is the primary source in heat production?
Metabolism
What are some examples of things that increase metabolism?
Hormones, muscle movements, exercise, thyroid hormone and shivering
How does circadian rhythm affect body temperature?
Our body temperature is fluctuated throughout the day with the morning being our
lowest as out BP is the lowest. As the day continues out BP goes up 5-10, consequently
raising temperature as well
What is Intermittent Pyrexia?
Temperature returns to normal at least once every 24 hours
What is Remittent Pyrexia?
Temperature does not return to normal and fluctuates a few degrees up and down
What is Sustained Pyrexia?
Temperature remains above normal with minimal variations
What is Relapsing Pyrexia?
Temperature returns to normal for one or more days with one or more episode of fever,
each as long as several days
What are some more serious effects of a fever?
Seizures, Fluid and electrolyte changes, and Delirium
What do vital signs access?
Physiologic function
What do vital signs include?
temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, and pulse oximetry AND pain
What is the typical bladder width of a child's bladder?
Width - 9cm
Length - 18cm
A nurse finds that a radial pulse is weak, how would she go about documenting
that?
+1/4 (weak, on a scale of 0-4)
A nurse takes an oral temp of 101 F, what would the auxiliary temp be?
100 F
How do you convert Celsius to Fahrenheit?
Multiply the temperature by 1.8 and add 32.
How do you convert Fahrenheit to Celsius?
Subtract 32 from temperature, and divide by 1.8.
What is known as a "silent killer" due to its few symptoms?
Hypertension
Orthostatic hypertension, especially in the older adult can predispose a patient
to?
Falls/Injuries
The nurse auscultates the appearance and disappearance of what sounds to
determine blood pressure?
Korotkoff sounds
If the patient blood pressure is inaudible, the nurse may obtain the systolic blood
pressure using what kind of device?
Doppler device
What is Tachycardia?
abnormally fast heart rate (>100 bpm)
What is Palpitation?
Patient is aware of own rapid heartbeat without having to feel their pulse
What is Bradycardia?
abnormally slow heart rate (less than 60 bpm)
What is Pulse Amplitude?
Quality of pulse in terms of fullness; reflects strength of left ventricular contraction
What is Arrhythmia?
Irregular pattern of heartbeat
What is a Pulse Deficit?
Difference in pulse between the left and right radial pulses
What is Apnea
Periods of no breathing
What is Dyspnea?
Difficult of labored breathing
What is Orthopnea?
, Ability to breathe more easily standing upright
What is Tachypnea?
Respiratory breaths > 20/min
What is Ventilation?
Movement of gases in and out of the lungs
What is Respiration?
Involves ventilation, diffusion, and perfusion
What is Pyrexia?
Hyperthermia, body core temp is above 99.5
What is Afebrile?
Person with a normal body temperature
What is Hyperpyrexia?
High fever, typically above 106 F
What is Hypothermia?
Body temperature below the limit of normal (95)
What is Hyperthermia?
Fever caused by extreme heat exposure
What is Ineffective Thermoregulation?
State in which temperature fluctuates between above-normal and below-normal ranges
What is a normal pulse range?
60 to 100 (80 average)
What is a normal respiration range?
12 to 20 breaths/min
What is a normal blood pressure?
120/80
What is a normal Pulse Oximetry?
95-100%
What is the primary source in heat production?
Metabolism
What are some examples of things that increase metabolism?
Hormones, muscle movements, exercise, thyroid hormone and shivering
How does circadian rhythm affect body temperature?
Our body temperature is fluctuated throughout the day with the morning being our
lowest as out BP is the lowest. As the day continues out BP goes up 5-10, consequently
raising temperature as well
What is Intermittent Pyrexia?
Temperature returns to normal at least once every 24 hours
What is Remittent Pyrexia?
Temperature does not return to normal and fluctuates a few degrees up and down
What is Sustained Pyrexia?
Temperature remains above normal with minimal variations
What is Relapsing Pyrexia?
Temperature returns to normal for one or more days with one or more episode of fever,
each as long as several days
What are some more serious effects of a fever?
Seizures, Fluid and electrolyte changes, and Delirium
