AAMI intro to pathology, With Complete Solution

AAMI intro to pathology, With Complete Solution Pathogenesis manner in which disease develops gross anatomy studies the structural changes brought about by disease as seen by the naked eye clinical pathology study of excretions, secretions & other body fluids for the purpose of diagnosing disease. The laboratory diagnosis of disease physiological pathology studies the changes in function brought about by disease rudolph Virchow the father of cellular pathology lesion any recognizable change in anatomy or structure of the tissues that can be caused by disease. the pathological change in an organ or tissue symptoms subjective complaints experienced by the directly measurable ex: pain, dizziness,itching. signs objective,measurable manifestations of disease: fever,blood pressure, abnormal pulse. febrile disease any disease characterized by fever idiopathic disease of unknown origin. ex; cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis (although there are theories) acute disease rapid onset& short duration. ex TB, pneumonia chronic disease slow onset & longer duration. ex ; arthritis iatrogenic disease results from a physicians treatment. any adverse condition resulting from treatment by physician or surgeon fulminating disease latin root meaning 'lightening flash'. refers to rapid, sudden and severe. often fatal organic disease has readily identifiable characteristic lesion associated with it such as swollen glands, ulcerations during syphilis, inflammation of mucus membranes during strep throat etc functional disease has no characteristic lesion. ex: migraine or various mental disturbances. no lesion exists, no anatomical or structural changes occur. nosocomial pertains to a hospital. often refers to hospital acquired infection. prevalence refers to number of new and old cases of a disease during a particular period. mortality rate number of deaths per unit of population. morbidity rate refers to number of cases of disease per unit of population Endemic disease more or less present in the community. a disease or agent that is usually present in a population or geographical area at all times. the expected normal incidence of a condition in a certain geographical area or population epidemic disease attacks a large number of the population in a community at the same time. one whose incidence is beyond that expected by a given population pandemic disease occurs throughout the world sporadic disease occurs in neither a endemic or epidemic form. occurring occasionally in a random or isolated manner. factors involved in etiology (cause) of disease age,race,nutritional status,gender,occupation, emotion & stress, environment, economic status. excitatory causes of disease conditions that actually cause the disease. physical agents heat/high temperature, cold/low temperature, electricity,x-rays. chemical agents compounds that produce some type of cellular swelling; strong acids or bases,drugs,poisons, gases(carbon monoxide). infectious agents these include various microorganisms viruses,bacteria and parasites adeno gland ambi both angio vessel ante before anti against arthro joint auto self bio life brach arm brady slow chrondro cartilage cyst sac dis- absent or removed dia- through hemato blood histo tissue hyper above or more hypo below or less intra within leuco white melan black myelo marrow necro death nephro kidney neuro nerve osteo bone patho disease peri around phago to eat phlebo vein pneumo air pyo pus sclero hardening vaso vessel algia pain asis or osis affected with ectasis dilation/stretching (suffix) emia blood (suffix) genic producing itis inflammation lysis losing,flowing,dissolution iatrics practice of healing malacia softening oma tumor osis/asis affected with (o)stomy to create an opening (otomy) cutting into penia lack of pnea air/breathing (suffix) trophy nourishment degeneration a regressive tissue change characterized by swelling of the cells and chemical changes within the cytoplasm. cloudy swelling most common and least damaging type of degeneration. organs most often involved: liver, kidneys, heart(less often). cloudy swelling