AAMI Pathology for Embalmers Final Exam Review

AAMI Pathology for Embalmers Final Exam Review Candida albicans & Trichonomas vaginitis Which is/are responsible for causing vaginitis? Abscess A cavity containing pus and surrounded by an inflamed tissue Proctitis An inflammation of the rectum that may be caused by bacterial infection, parasites, irritation from fecal matter, or toxic agents Cholangitis An inflammation of the bile ducts, which is caused by blockages of the bile ducts, such as gallstones Cholecystitis An inflammation of the gall bladder often caused by the presence of gallstones in the biliary system Epidemic parotitis An inflammation of the salivary glands and gonads, also known as the mumps Rabies An acute, infectious disease of the brain and spinal cord, transmitted by saliva of an infected animal, also known as hydrophobia, the fear of water Functional disease A disease that shows no recognizable lesions Acute disease A disease having sudden onset and short duration Fulminating disease A disease having rapid and severe onset, usually fatal Ureteritis Inflammation of the structure that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder Anuria The non-passage of urine Meningitis Inflammation of the protective coverings around the brain and the spinal cord, or meninges Stomatitis Inflammation of the mouth Atelectasis A disease characterized by a collapse or airless condition of the lung, a collapsed lung Hydrocephalus Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain causing them to enlarge and push against the skull, referred to as "water on the brain" Carbuncle The union of two or more boils, resulting in this inflammatory lesion Acromegaly Associated with a lion-face appearance, enlarged extremities, such as the hands and feet Most common type of emboli Fragments of thrombi Renal calculi Formed when the salts in urine form a precipitate, formed from within the kidney, a kidney stone or nephrolith Secondary burn Infections that are difficult to treat, pseudomonas diseases Primary atypical pneumonia Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes this, also known as viral pneumonia Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia The type of pneumonia that can cause lung infections with those who have a weakened immune system, especially seen in AIDS and HIV Hydrocele Fluid in the sac of the vaginalis testis Epilepsy A condition which results from some form of interference with normal electrical activity in the brain. It is marked by repetitive abnormal electrical discharges within the brain known as seizures. Pyelonephritis a suppurative inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis Bronchiectasis A condition of the lung that is characterized by irreversible dilation of the bronchial walls Pleural effusion Resulting from an excess amount of exudate in the pleural spaces Redness, swelling, heat, pain, and loss of function 5 Cardinal signs of inflammation Cryptorchidism Failure of the testes to descend into the scrotum Hydronephrosis The kidney becomes extremely dilated with urine Cerebral palsy A group of chronic disorders characterized by the impairment of control over movement, causing difficulty in motor tasks Acute rhinitis an acute viral infection of the upper respiratory tract Stenosis A condition when the esophagus becomes too narrow for food to pass Renal carcinoma Carcinoma of the kidney, where the most common symptom is hematuria without pain, which is blood in the urine Amyloid disease A disease in which a waxy, starch-like glycoprotein accumulates in tissues and organs, impairing their function Emphysema a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory system; characterized by the presence of air pockets at the terminal end of the bronchioles Tetany A decrease in the parathyroid hormone, resulting in this condition Melena an abnormal, black, tarry stool that contains digested blood which results from bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract. It is often a sign of a peptic ulcer or small bowel disease. Hyperplasia of kidney occurs if the other kidney fails, resulting in the sole kidney growing in size to compensate Pathological hyperemia primary inflammation stages of healing and repair when tissues are injured Passive hyperemia impaired outflow of venous blood from a tissue such that blood is trapped, another name for congestion Volvulus the twisting of the intestine around itself causing obstruction of the movement of fecal matter through the bowel Bright's disease Inflammation of the kidney that involves the glomeruli, also known as glomerulonephritis Resolution Termination of an inflammatory process with the involved body part returned back to its normal state Diabetes insipidus a disorder of the pituitary gland characterized by intense thirst and the excretion of large amounts of urine Bronchopneumonia inflammation of the lungs that is focused in the small bronchi Hypoparathyroidism results from decreased levels of parathormone which decreases the level of calcium, known as hypocalcemia Hypocalcemia decreased level of calcium Cretinism a deficiency in the secretion of the thyroid gland before a baby is born, resulting in a protruding tongue, mental retardation, sunken nose, puffy eyelids, and small eyes Addison's disease hypofunctioning of the adrenal gland, bronzing of the skin Hyperparathyroid disease Results from increased levels of parathormone which raises the level of circulating calcium above normal, effects include softening of bone, hardening of arteries, and irregular heartbeats Subdural hemorrhage Venous bleeding below the dura mater, between the dura and arachnoid