MTM 3010 Final Exam
Mono
one track
Stereo
1950's- two tracks
Multitrack digital recorders
digitized sound recording and reproduction that allows for the separate recording of
multiple sound sources or of sounds sources recorded at different times to create a
cohesive whole.
Hard disc computer recording
direct-to-disk recording system that uses a high capacity hard disk to record digital
audio or digital video. Alternative that provides other editing capabilities.
ProTools
digital audio workstation that can perform the functions of a multitrack tape recorder and
audio mixer.
Punch-in
augment taping or filming with insertion of new ( or additional) material , usually on
player's mistakes right away while recording.
Executive producer
top administrator and/or financier of a production; responsible for business decisions
and organizing the recordings; sometimes figures out where and when to record. "big-
picture organizers"
Producer
oversees and manages the sound recording and production for a song or album; they
have the independent voice in the studio, and bridge the gap between commercial
viability and artistic expression to analyze what is working and help inspire the very best
performance. "jacks-of-all-trades"
Engineer
an audio mixer or sound technician who operates and sets up the recording equipment
used to capture and shape a song or album.
House producer
one of the company's salaried staff production employees.
Spec deal
studio owner believes in artist and allows to record for free for the time being; usually
still responsible for tape costs and engineer.
Royalty fee
a fee paid for the use of property such as copyrighted works. 1% of wholesale or retail
Points
royalty percentage for producer's compensation; usually 2-4% of the retail sales of an
album and also cash advances on those albums. Beginner producers usually ask for
1%/ Superstar producers ask for 5% or 6% on sales.
Escalating clause
a clause in a contract that guarantees a change in the agreement price once a particular
factor beyond control of either party affecting the value has been determined.
Production fee
, in addition to royalties, it is standard practice for a label to pay a production fee. Some
producers get a few thousand dollars upfront as their fee.
Advance
a pre-payment of royalties, whether the advance is paid by record company to an artist,
a publisher to a writer or a merchandiser to an artist; they are not loans or earn interest.
Letter of direction
a few short pages letter that informs the record company of the fee that the artist will
assign the record producer out of his or her advance to future royalties and how many
of the artist's royalty points the producer is to receive. It also grants permission to the
record company to handle the accounting and pay the producer directly.
EQ
Equalization. process of adjusting the balance between frequency components within
an electronic signal. Timbre is the quality, tone color distinguishing one voice or musical
instrument from another.
Digital vs. Analog
the smooth analog signal matches the recorded sound wave better than the steps of a
digital recording. However, the analog medium (vinyl or magnetized tape) the recording
is imprinted on can have tiny imperfections that cause cracking and popping noise.
Preproduction
done outside of studio; the budgeting and planning to create the concept, raise the
money and negotiate budget, locate and sign an artist, select songs, negotiate
mechanical licenses, engage arrangers to score the charts abc musical director, book
studio time, engage engineer, special equipment, contracts, and rehearse music.
Tracking
an AFM and SAG-AFTRA payment category in which performers record the same notes
more than once and a technician overlaps each version to produce the illusion of a
larger ensemble. Or the tracking of how often a song is played or sold on radio station
or radio stores.
Tracking sheet
producers keep a written record of what is laid down on each track which cite the artist,
the date, the studio, song titles, take numbers, timings, and footage counts for the start
and end of takes.
Studio/session musicians
instrumentalist employed in recording studios and usually paid union scale.
Overdubbing
make fixes, add sweetener tracks, "final" vocals
Mixing
massage each individual track/ to combine and equalize into one or more channels, a
larger number of separate tracks of recorded sounds.
Mastering
sweetening the overall sound, ISRC's added, volume of each track, etc.
Metadata
information about an album, songs, and mixes that you plan to include with your release
by embedding the information right into the music files. Example: Album Name. Artist
Name.
Pitch correction
Mono
one track
Stereo
1950's- two tracks
Multitrack digital recorders
digitized sound recording and reproduction that allows for the separate recording of
multiple sound sources or of sounds sources recorded at different times to create a
cohesive whole.
Hard disc computer recording
direct-to-disk recording system that uses a high capacity hard disk to record digital
audio or digital video. Alternative that provides other editing capabilities.
ProTools
digital audio workstation that can perform the functions of a multitrack tape recorder and
audio mixer.
Punch-in
augment taping or filming with insertion of new ( or additional) material , usually on
player's mistakes right away while recording.
Executive producer
top administrator and/or financier of a production; responsible for business decisions
and organizing the recordings; sometimes figures out where and when to record. "big-
picture organizers"
Producer
oversees and manages the sound recording and production for a song or album; they
have the independent voice in the studio, and bridge the gap between commercial
viability and artistic expression to analyze what is working and help inspire the very best
performance. "jacks-of-all-trades"
Engineer
an audio mixer or sound technician who operates and sets up the recording equipment
used to capture and shape a song or album.
House producer
one of the company's salaried staff production employees.
Spec deal
studio owner believes in artist and allows to record for free for the time being; usually
still responsible for tape costs and engineer.
Royalty fee
a fee paid for the use of property such as copyrighted works. 1% of wholesale or retail
Points
royalty percentage for producer's compensation; usually 2-4% of the retail sales of an
album and also cash advances on those albums. Beginner producers usually ask for
1%/ Superstar producers ask for 5% or 6% on sales.
Escalating clause
a clause in a contract that guarantees a change in the agreement price once a particular
factor beyond control of either party affecting the value has been determined.
Production fee
, in addition to royalties, it is standard practice for a label to pay a production fee. Some
producers get a few thousand dollars upfront as their fee.
Advance
a pre-payment of royalties, whether the advance is paid by record company to an artist,
a publisher to a writer or a merchandiser to an artist; they are not loans or earn interest.
Letter of direction
a few short pages letter that informs the record company of the fee that the artist will
assign the record producer out of his or her advance to future royalties and how many
of the artist's royalty points the producer is to receive. It also grants permission to the
record company to handle the accounting and pay the producer directly.
EQ
Equalization. process of adjusting the balance between frequency components within
an electronic signal. Timbre is the quality, tone color distinguishing one voice or musical
instrument from another.
Digital vs. Analog
the smooth analog signal matches the recorded sound wave better than the steps of a
digital recording. However, the analog medium (vinyl or magnetized tape) the recording
is imprinted on can have tiny imperfections that cause cracking and popping noise.
Preproduction
done outside of studio; the budgeting and planning to create the concept, raise the
money and negotiate budget, locate and sign an artist, select songs, negotiate
mechanical licenses, engage arrangers to score the charts abc musical director, book
studio time, engage engineer, special equipment, contracts, and rehearse music.
Tracking
an AFM and SAG-AFTRA payment category in which performers record the same notes
more than once and a technician overlaps each version to produce the illusion of a
larger ensemble. Or the tracking of how often a song is played or sold on radio station
or radio stores.
Tracking sheet
producers keep a written record of what is laid down on each track which cite the artist,
the date, the studio, song titles, take numbers, timings, and footage counts for the start
and end of takes.
Studio/session musicians
instrumentalist employed in recording studios and usually paid union scale.
Overdubbing
make fixes, add sweetener tracks, "final" vocals
Mixing
massage each individual track/ to combine and equalize into one or more channels, a
larger number of separate tracks of recorded sounds.
Mastering
sweetening the overall sound, ISRC's added, volume of each track, etc.
Metadata
information about an album, songs, and mixes that you plan to include with your release
by embedding the information right into the music files. Example: Album Name. Artist
Name.
Pitch correction
