LATEST IHI Patient-family centered care Test 2024 with complete best solutions graded A+

Which of the following is the best indicator that an organization's leadership is aggressively pursuing patient- and family-centered care? - answer A and C Patient- and family-centered care is part of the everyday interactions of patients and providers — including communication — as well as part of the way health care systems operate — through patient advisory councils. Patient-centered care does not require that patients have authority over all decisions at a health system. You are a social worker in a medical intensive care unit. Part of your job is to meet all patients and families within 24 hours of admission to hear any concerns they may have about the plan of care. This morning, you see that Mr. Porter was admitted last night. He is a 64-year-old man with liver disease and acute pneumonia. As you enter his room, you should: - answer Knock and be sure to introduce yourself to everyone in the room, including explaining your role on the care team. Once in Mr. Porter's room, you begin to ask some questions about his home, the people he lives with, and the help he may need after leaving the hospital. You notice that some of your questions seem to be making him angry. The next thing you should do is: - answer Pause in your questions, say that you notice he seems upset, and ask him if anything you've said concerns him. You're a primary care provider who is seeing a new patient for the first time. One way to demonstrate respect for the patient would be to: - answer Wash your hands before touching the patient so that infections are less likely to spread. In the surgical intensive care unit, you are stopped in the hallway by an individual who introduces himself as the brother of one of your current patients. He tearfully asks how his brother, who has just woken up from surgery, is doing. What should you do? - answer Confirm the individual's identity and ask your patient if it is okay to share information with him. Here are some basic things you can do to show respect for the culture and belief systems of patients and families: - answer -Avoid assumptions about a patient's or family's culture or beliefs. Instead, try asking questions such as "What matters to you?" -Learn by asking patients and families about their culture and preferences. -Ask patients and families how you can help make them more comfortable. -Allow the patient and family members to define their needs. Acknowledge that patients and families are the experts on their needs and their family's culture. -Keep in mind that some patients and families may be reserved about expressing their needs, and that this may be cultural as well. -Refrain from placing judgment on beliefs and preferences that are different from your own. What could the nurse have done differently? (Choose all that apply) (restful and healing environment) - answer (A) Waited to take the patient's weight until waking hours (B) Combined tasks to limit disruptions (C) Knocked before entering (D) Lowered her voice and kept the lights as low as possible What are the "Ask Me 3" questions that helps patients better engage in their care and better understand their diagnosis and care plan. - answer -What is my main problem? (This question can especially help clarify when patients have multiple issues, and want to understand which is the most critical.) -What do I need to do? -Why is it important for me to do this? Which of the following relationships best reflects the paternalistic model of the patient- provider relationship? - answer Parent-child Shared decision making, pioneered by Dr. Victor Montori of the Mayo Clinic, best reflects which of the four models of the patient-provider relationship? - answer Interpretive or deliberative Which model of the patient-provider relationship is exhibited when the expert provider simply provides information to patients, who hold decision-making power? - answer Informative Which of the following is a reason why the paternalistic model is unsuitable for improving health outcomes? - answer A and B The best answer is D. The paternalistic model assumes that providers can make decisions on behalf of patients to promote their health without their input. In reality, providers can make recommendations to patients, but they can rarely force them to actually follow a plan of care. Patients also have more control over their daily health habits, such as exercise and nutrition, than providers do. For that reason, a patient- provider partnership model is best suited to promote good health outcomes, because it encourages providers to understand their patients' health goals and constraints to make a plan of care with them, not for them. Imagine you're a first-year resident enjoying a meal at a restaurant on your day off, and another customer starts choking. The customer's companion shouts, "Is there a doctor here?" in a panic. You rush over to assist the patient, who can't breathe. Which of the following patient-provider relationship would be most appropriate in this situation? - answer Paternalistic Imagine you're a health care provider. A patient presents with a lump in her breast that she first noticed two years ago. When you ask about her medical history, she tells you that she has never seen a health care provider to examine the lump before. What would be the best thing for the provider to do in response to this information? - answer Say, "I'm so glad you came to see me today. Can you help me understand why you weren't able to come in before?" Which of the following is the description of the term "non-compliance" that best reflects patient-provider partnerships? - answer B and C The best answer is D. The term "non-compliance" suggests that patients' role is to follow doctor's orders. In patient-provider partnerships, the role of the provider is to work with the patient to craft a plan of care that works in the patient's life to help the patient meet his or her self-defined health goals. If the patient doesn't follow the plan of care, it may be a sign that the plan of care or the health care system is poorly suited to the patient's needs. For example, patients might not attend an appointment because they don't have money to pay for transportation, not because they don't want to go. The failure may reflect a need to design a system that works better for those patients, for example, offering services in their homes or offering transportation to the facility. Which of the following is the main reason why minority patients receive lower quality care and less intensive care than white patients in the US? - answer Providers who grow up in societies with negative stereotypes about minority groups may have implicit biases that negatively affect care for those groups. Why do some patients from underserved minority groups sometimes mistrust health care institutions and health care providers? - answer A and C The best answer is D. As Dr. Bobby Baker explained, patients who have experienced racism in the medical field may not trust health care providers to advocate for their best interests, such as when health care providers conducted unethical scientific testing on African American patients. Health care systems generate more mistrust when they make it difficult for patients to receive the services they want or need. Patients' religious faith may be important to their care, but providers should not assume that religious belief means that patients will not trust health care systems. Why is it important for providers to understand how patients may perceive them, including their race, class, gender, age, and educational status? - answer All of the above The best answer is D. By recognizing how others may perceive them, providers are more likely to understand that all people have social characteristics that influence their lives, btu that they are nevertheless individuals with their own unique identities as well. Recognizing their own social characteristics and how others may perceive them can help providers become curious and ask questions to help them understand patients as individuals, rather than as representatives of a group. A cardiac surgeon is informing a patient and his wife about the risks and benefits of a coronary bypass surgery to treat the man's acute heart disease. The surgeon wants to take a collaborative approach in which the patient ultimately decides about the treatment, with the support of the provider. Which of the following behaviors would undermine such a partnership? - answer The surgeon describes the risks and benefits