DH 190
Orofacial Structures,
Histology and
Embryology Review
Exam
Q&A
2024
,1. **Nomenclature**: Which term correctly identifies the depression
located between the lower lip and the chin?
A) Labiomental groove
B) Philtrum
C) Buccal vestibule
D) Oral fissure
**Answer**: A) Labiomental groove
**Rationale**: The labiomental groove is the anatomical term for the
horizontal groove between the lower lip and the chin, distinguishing it
from other facial features.
2. **Morphology**: What is the predominant shape of the maxillary
central incisor?
A) Conical
B) Triangular
C) Rectangular
D) Rhomboidal
**Answer**: B) Triangular
**Rationale**: The crown of the maxillary central incisor is
predominantly triangular when viewed from the incisal aspect, reflecting
its role in esthetics and phonetics.
3. **Anatomy**: Which muscle is primarily responsible for elevating the
mandible?
A) Temporalis
B) Masseter
C) Medial pterygoid
D) Lateral pterygoid
**Answer**: B) Masseter
**Rationale**: The masseter muscle, along with the temporalis, plays a
key role in jaw elevation during mastication.
4. **Physiology**: During mastication, which phase involves the
voluntary positioning of food between the teeth?
A) Oral preparatory phase
B) Oral phase
C) Pharyngeal phase
D) Esophageal phase
, **Answer**: B) Oral phase
**Rationale**: The oral phase of swallowing is voluntary and involves
the manipulation of food into a bolus and positioning it between the teeth
for mastication.
5. **Histology**: What type of epithelium lines the oral cavity?
A) Stratified squamous epithelium
B) Simple columnar epithelium
C) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
D) Transitional epithelium
**Answer**: A) Stratified squamous epithelium
**Rationale**: The oral cavity is lined with stratified squamous
epithelium, which provides protection against mechanical stress and
pathogens.
6. **Embryological Development**: Which pharyngeal arch gives rise to
structures in the neck?
A) First arch
B) Second arch
C) Third arch
D) Fourth arch
**Answer**: C) Third arch
**Rationale**: The third pharyngeal arch contributes to the formation of
structures in the neck, including parts of the hyoid bone and pharyngeal
muscles.
7. **Oral Cavity**: Which salivary gland produces serous secretions
only?
A) Parotid gland
B) Submandibular gland
C) Sublingual gland
D) Minor salivary glands
**Answer**: A) Parotid gland
**Rationale**: The parotid gland is predominantly serous and produces
watery, enzyme-rich saliva.
Orofacial Structures,
Histology and
Embryology Review
Exam
Q&A
2024
,1. **Nomenclature**: Which term correctly identifies the depression
located between the lower lip and the chin?
A) Labiomental groove
B) Philtrum
C) Buccal vestibule
D) Oral fissure
**Answer**: A) Labiomental groove
**Rationale**: The labiomental groove is the anatomical term for the
horizontal groove between the lower lip and the chin, distinguishing it
from other facial features.
2. **Morphology**: What is the predominant shape of the maxillary
central incisor?
A) Conical
B) Triangular
C) Rectangular
D) Rhomboidal
**Answer**: B) Triangular
**Rationale**: The crown of the maxillary central incisor is
predominantly triangular when viewed from the incisal aspect, reflecting
its role in esthetics and phonetics.
3. **Anatomy**: Which muscle is primarily responsible for elevating the
mandible?
A) Temporalis
B) Masseter
C) Medial pterygoid
D) Lateral pterygoid
**Answer**: B) Masseter
**Rationale**: The masseter muscle, along with the temporalis, plays a
key role in jaw elevation during mastication.
4. **Physiology**: During mastication, which phase involves the
voluntary positioning of food between the teeth?
A) Oral preparatory phase
B) Oral phase
C) Pharyngeal phase
D) Esophageal phase
, **Answer**: B) Oral phase
**Rationale**: The oral phase of swallowing is voluntary and involves
the manipulation of food into a bolus and positioning it between the teeth
for mastication.
5. **Histology**: What type of epithelium lines the oral cavity?
A) Stratified squamous epithelium
B) Simple columnar epithelium
C) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
D) Transitional epithelium
**Answer**: A) Stratified squamous epithelium
**Rationale**: The oral cavity is lined with stratified squamous
epithelium, which provides protection against mechanical stress and
pathogens.
6. **Embryological Development**: Which pharyngeal arch gives rise to
structures in the neck?
A) First arch
B) Second arch
C) Third arch
D) Fourth arch
**Answer**: C) Third arch
**Rationale**: The third pharyngeal arch contributes to the formation of
structures in the neck, including parts of the hyoid bone and pharyngeal
muscles.
7. **Oral Cavity**: Which salivary gland produces serous secretions
only?
A) Parotid gland
B) Submandibular gland
C) Sublingual gland
D) Minor salivary glands
**Answer**: A) Parotid gland
**Rationale**: The parotid gland is predominantly serous and produces
watery, enzyme-rich saliva.
