Exam 2 - NR328 / NR 328 (Latest ) :
Pediatric Nursing - Chamberlain
1). Fluid overload: s/s
Ans: - edema
- elevated venous pressure
- hepatomegaly
- weight gain
- slow bounding pulse
- lethargy
- seizures/coma
- increased spinal fluid pressure
2). Fluid overload: lab findings
Ans: - low urine specific gravity
- decreased serum electrolytes
- decreased hematocrit
- variable urine volume
3). Fluid deficit: s/s
Ans: - variable temp
- dry skin and mucous membranes
- poor skin turgor
- decreased pulse
- slow cap refill
- weight loss
- fatigue
- ALOC
- Tachypnea/tachycardia
4). Fluid deficit: lab findings
Ans: - high urine specific gravity
- increased hematocrit
- variable serum electrolytes
- variable urine volume
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, - increased BUN
- increased serum osmolality
5). Hypokalemia: s/s
Ans: - muscle weakness
- hypotension
- cardiac arrhythmias
- tach or bradycardia
- Ileus
- drowsiness
- irritability
6). Hypokalemia: lab findings
Ans: - decreased serum potassium <3.5
- abnormal EKG - notched or flattened t-wave, decreased ST segment
7). Hypokalemia: causes
Ans: - corticosteroids
- healing stage of burns
- hyperglycemic diuresis
- IV administration of insulin in DKA
- Alkalosis
8). Hyperkalemia: causes
Ans: - renal disease
- addison's
- metabolic acidosis
- old donor blood
- crushing injuries
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, 9). Hyperkalemia: s/s
Ans: - muscle weakness
- twitching
- hyperreflexia
- bradycardia
- V-fib and cardiac arrest
- oliguria
- apnea - respiratory distress
10). Hyperkalemia: lab findings
Ans: - high serum potassium > 5.5
- variable urine volume
- flat p wave in evg, peaked t wave, widened QRS complex
11). Potassium: foods
Ans: - avocado
- spinach
- sweet potato
- banana
- mushrooms
12). Hyponatremia: s/s
Ans: - dehydration
- weakness
- dizziness
- nausea
- abdominal cramps
- weak pulse
- decreased blood pressure
- lethargy
13). Hyponatremia: lab findings
Ans: - sodium concentration <130
- urine specific gravity depends on water deficit or excess
14). Hypernatremia: s/s
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Pediatric Nursing - Chamberlain
1). Fluid overload: s/s
Ans: - edema
- elevated venous pressure
- hepatomegaly
- weight gain
- slow bounding pulse
- lethargy
- seizures/coma
- increased spinal fluid pressure
2). Fluid overload: lab findings
Ans: - low urine specific gravity
- decreased serum electrolytes
- decreased hematocrit
- variable urine volume
3). Fluid deficit: s/s
Ans: - variable temp
- dry skin and mucous membranes
- poor skin turgor
- decreased pulse
- slow cap refill
- weight loss
- fatigue
- ALOC
- Tachypnea/tachycardia
4). Fluid deficit: lab findings
Ans: - high urine specific gravity
- increased hematocrit
- variable serum electrolytes
- variable urine volume
PaperStoc.com Page 1 of 22
, - increased BUN
- increased serum osmolality
5). Hypokalemia: s/s
Ans: - muscle weakness
- hypotension
- cardiac arrhythmias
- tach or bradycardia
- Ileus
- drowsiness
- irritability
6). Hypokalemia: lab findings
Ans: - decreased serum potassium <3.5
- abnormal EKG - notched or flattened t-wave, decreased ST segment
7). Hypokalemia: causes
Ans: - corticosteroids
- healing stage of burns
- hyperglycemic diuresis
- IV administration of insulin in DKA
- Alkalosis
8). Hyperkalemia: causes
Ans: - renal disease
- addison's
- metabolic acidosis
- old donor blood
- crushing injuries
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, 9). Hyperkalemia: s/s
Ans: - muscle weakness
- twitching
- hyperreflexia
- bradycardia
- V-fib and cardiac arrest
- oliguria
- apnea - respiratory distress
10). Hyperkalemia: lab findings
Ans: - high serum potassium > 5.5
- variable urine volume
- flat p wave in evg, peaked t wave, widened QRS complex
11). Potassium: foods
Ans: - avocado
- spinach
- sweet potato
- banana
- mushrooms
12). Hyponatremia: s/s
Ans: - dehydration
- weakness
- dizziness
- nausea
- abdominal cramps
- weak pulse
- decreased blood pressure
- lethargy
13). Hyponatremia: lab findings
Ans: - sodium concentration <130
- urine specific gravity depends on water deficit or excess
14). Hypernatremia: s/s
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