Psy120 Sprint 2023 Purdue Chapter 7 VERIFIED

Psy120 Sprint 2023 Purdue Chapter 7 1. What is the definition of learning? (lecture/book). Be able to identify from examples what is learning and what is not learning. ANSWER - A relatively permanent change in behavior, or potential behavior, that results from experience. 1. Focus is on observable behavior 2. Behavior change must be something that happens as a reaction to experience or result of practice, so we can act more sensibly in future - Age or sickness do not classify learning 2. What is meant by orienting, habituation, and sensitization? (lecture/book) Understand how these concepts are all related to the process of how people notice a stimulus in the environment and learn to ignore it. How are habituation and sensitization both adaptive? ANSWER - First type of learning. 1. Learning about events: noticing environmental stimuli and learning to ignore them Orienting - an inborn tendency to notice and respond to novel events habituation - Decline in tendency to respond to event that has become familiar sensitization - increased response to an event that has been repeated It's adaptive for all living things to notice sudden changes in the environment. 3. Understand that classical conditioning refers to a process by which people notice a stimulus in the environment and learn WHAT IT SIGNALS OR PREDICTS, or a process by which people learn relationships between events that occur outside of their control (lecture/book). Be able to identify examples of classical conditioning. ANSWER - Second type of learning. 2. Learning what events signal: classical conditioning: learning that one event predicts another - Pavlov's dog 4. Be able to describe Pavlov's dog studies. Understand how they are an example of classical conditioning. (lecture/book) ANSWER - If a bell (CS) is struck just before the delivery of food (US), and these pairings are continued over time, the dog will begin to salivate (CR) whenever