PRACTICAL NO - 3
AIM: To study of different kinds of network cables and network devices.
THEORY:
To connect two or more computers or networking devices in a network, network
cables are used. There are three types of network cables; coaxial, twisted-pair, and
fiber-optic.
Coaxial Cables
This cable contains a conductor, insulator, braiding, and sheath. The sheath covers the
braiding, the braiding covers the insulation, and the insulation covers the conductor.
The following image shows these components.
Sheath : This is the outer layer of the coaxial cable. It protects the cable from physical
damage.
, Braided shield This shield protects signals from external interference and noise. This
shield is built from the same metal that is used to build the core.
Insulation Insulation protects the core. It also keeps the core separate from the braided
shield. Since both the core and the braided shield use the same metal, without this layer,
they will touch each other and create a short-circuit in the wire.
Conductor: The conductor carries electromagnetic signals. Based on conductor a
coaxial cable can be categorized into two types; single-core coaxial cable and multi-
core coaxial cable.
A single-core coaxial cable uses a single central metal (usually copper) conductor,
while a multi-core coaxial cable uses multiple thin strands of metal wires.
Fiber optic cable
This cable consists of a core, cladding, buffer, and jacket. The core is made from
thin strands of glass or plastic that can carry data over a long distance. The core is
wrapped in the cladding; the cladding is wrapped in the buffer, and the buffer is
wrapped in the jacket.
• Core carries the data signals in the form of light.
• Cladding reflects light back to the core.
• Buffer protects the light from leaking.
• The jacket protects the cable from physical damage.
This cable can transmit data over a long distance at the highest speed. It can transmit
data up to 40 kilometers at the speed of 100Gbps.
Fiber optic uses light to send data. It reflects light from one endpoint to another. Based
on how many beams of light are transmitted at a given time, there are two types of fiber
optical cable; SMF and MMF.
SMF (Single-mode fiber) optical cable: This cable carries only a single beam of light
MMF (multi-mode fiber) optical cable: This cable carries multiple beams of light.
AIM: To study of different kinds of network cables and network devices.
THEORY:
To connect two or more computers or networking devices in a network, network
cables are used. There are three types of network cables; coaxial, twisted-pair, and
fiber-optic.
Coaxial Cables
This cable contains a conductor, insulator, braiding, and sheath. The sheath covers the
braiding, the braiding covers the insulation, and the insulation covers the conductor.
The following image shows these components.
Sheath : This is the outer layer of the coaxial cable. It protects the cable from physical
damage.
, Braided shield This shield protects signals from external interference and noise. This
shield is built from the same metal that is used to build the core.
Insulation Insulation protects the core. It also keeps the core separate from the braided
shield. Since both the core and the braided shield use the same metal, without this layer,
they will touch each other and create a short-circuit in the wire.
Conductor: The conductor carries electromagnetic signals. Based on conductor a
coaxial cable can be categorized into two types; single-core coaxial cable and multi-
core coaxial cable.
A single-core coaxial cable uses a single central metal (usually copper) conductor,
while a multi-core coaxial cable uses multiple thin strands of metal wires.
Fiber optic cable
This cable consists of a core, cladding, buffer, and jacket. The core is made from
thin strands of glass or plastic that can carry data over a long distance. The core is
wrapped in the cladding; the cladding is wrapped in the buffer, and the buffer is
wrapped in the jacket.
• Core carries the data signals in the form of light.
• Cladding reflects light back to the core.
• Buffer protects the light from leaking.
• The jacket protects the cable from physical damage.
This cable can transmit data over a long distance at the highest speed. It can transmit
data up to 40 kilometers at the speed of 100Gbps.
Fiber optic uses light to send data. It reflects light from one endpoint to another. Based
on how many beams of light are transmitted at a given time, there are two types of fiber
optical cable; SMF and MMF.
SMF (Single-mode fiber) optical cable: This cable carries only a single beam of light
MMF (multi-mode fiber) optical cable: This cable carries multiple beams of light.
