Theological Bioethics Final Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers

Buck v. Bell (1927) Correct Answer upheld Virginia statute allowing for forced sterilization of those "unfit" for society; in this case it was being used on a woman with a low IQ score - "three generations of imbeciles are enough" Carrie Buck Correct Answer the plaintiff in Buck v. Bell; had been ordered to undergo forced sterilization after being institutionalized for having a child out of wedlock Eugenics at UVA Correct Answer several leading faculty at UVA and UVA hospital believed that societal problems had a biological cause and were trying to provide a biological justification for racism; thought that public health crises (like tuberculosis) could be solved through eugenics "the eugenic metaphor" Correct Answer melded elements of political, economic, scientific, medical and popular discourse. If society was indeed analogous to a living organism then the next logical step was to construe social problems as equivalent to physical illness Sharon & Candy's narrative Correct Answer couple who produced child who cannot hear through deaf donor, question if morally right or not to produce child with disability Deafness as cultural identity Correct Answer viewing deafness not as a disability but rather as a trait Prenatal genetic screening Correct Answer can be used to equip parents with relevant knowledge concerning potential disease and disability prior to birth but raises ethical questions when it is used to decide on abortion or discarding cetain "undesirable" embryos Bioethics of CRISPR technology Correct Answer who decides what is a disease gene and what is simply a variant? Who decides what makes an embryo desirable or undesirable? Potential to send an unethical message about what types of lives are worth living; slippery slope to modern day eugenics? Informed consent in research Correct Answer an issue of autonomy; an autonomous authorization of participation in research; a second definition: legally and institutionally valid consent that conforms to social rules around permission; did not become a widespread practice until 1970's Research underproduction Correct Answer the disproportionate risk of harm of research placed on vulnerable populations in the past; the traditional lack of protection from exploitation for these vulnerable populations is now a common moral concern in modern bioethics