NBCOT Practice Exam 1 with questions and 100% accurate answers
An OT is preparing to evaluate a toddler who has upper extremity orthopedic concerns.
How will the OT MOST likely obtain the majority of initial assessment data?
A. Measurement tools that assess visual-motor skills
B. Dynamometer and pinch meter readings.
C. Observation of child during activities in the child-care center.
D. Functional independence measures. - correct answer-C. Observation of child during
activities in the child-care center.
Through observation of the child during child-care center activities, the OT can collect
information about the child's motor performance skills and participation in activities that
require upper extremity/hand skill. Naturalistic observation is a method of ecological
assessment, which is "a primary mechanism for obtaining data relevant to the child's
performance context..... Skilled observation of child performing a functional task offers.....
important information about the child's performance". Answers A, B, ad D are all
appropriate choices after the child is old enough for these assessments.
During an initial evaluation, the OT suspects that a child has somatodyspraxia. In what
area should the OT focus the evaluation?
A. Ability to print or write.
B. Reading competency.
C. Math calculations.
D. New motor task planning. - correct answer-D. New motor task planning.
"Somatodyspraxia is described as a deficit in learning new motor skills, planning new
motor actions, and generalizing motor plans." Inability to print or write (answer A) is termed
"dysgraphia." The term "dyslexia" (answer B) means dysfunction in reading. Inability to
perform mathematics (answer C) is known as "dyscalculia"
,An OT working in a long-term care facility needs to evaluate the long-term memory of a
resident. Which of the following methods is BEST for evaluating memory or personally
experienced events (declarative memory)?
A. Show the person a series of objects and ask him to recall the objects within 60 seconds.
B. Ask the individual how he spent New Year's/
C. Have the individual state the place, date, and time.
D. Ask the client to remember to bring a specific item to the next therapy session - correct
answer-B Ask the individual how he spent New Year's
"Declarative memory is one aspect of long term memory and includes conscious memory
for events, knowledge or facts". It is commonly assessed through verbal interviews and
informal testing such as asking a question about an individual's recall of personal events
(answer B). Working memory refers to "the temporary storage of inforamtion while one is
working with it or attending to it" (answer A). "Prospective memory involves the ability to
remember intentions or activities that will be required in the future" (answer D). Knowing
the date, place, and time is indicative of orientation (answer C).
A child avoids playground equipment that requires her feet to be off the ground. What does
this behavior MOST likely indicate?
A. Difficulty modulating proprioception.
B. Somatodyspraxia
C. Gravitational insecurity
D. Bilateral integration/sequencing deficit. - correct answer-C. Gravitational insecurity.
Gravitational insecurity is described as "fear response to movement". The child easily
experiences a fear of falling and prefers to keep her feet firmly on the ground. Tactile
defensiveness (answer A) is a term used to describe discomfort with various textures and
,with unexpected touch. Somatodyspraxia (answer B) has is "foundation in somatosensory
(e.g. primarily tactile but also proprioceptive) discrimination deficits, which interfere with
the development of body scheme and awareness". Bilateral integration and sequencing
deficits are related to "poor vestibular-propioceptive discrimination, which interferes with
the ability to coordinate, sequence, and execute motor actions quickly and efficiently".
When the OT suspects tactile defensiveness as a rationale for a child's challenges, in what
area of participation should the OT focus on FIRST?
A. Play behavior
B. Dressing habits
C. Social skills
D. Leisure interests - correct answer-B. Dressing habits
Children with tactile defensiveness are "bothered by tactile aspects of daily living
activities.... specific types of clothing.... specific textures materials". The child may be
bothered by certain textures or avoid wearing turtlenecks, socks, or shoes. Conversely,
some children may never take off their shoes to avoid tactile stimulation. Play behavior
(answer A), social skills (answer C), and the choice of hobbies (answer D) could be
affected secondarily, as a result of intolerance to certain textures or human touch.
Knowledge of the child's dressing habits will give the OT key information at the start of the
evaluation process.
An OT is working with an individual with schizophrenia who is in the process of preparing to
move from a state hospital to a group home. During a baking group, the client becomes
agitated and leaves the room when another client uses the electric hand mixer to mix the
cake batter, and again when two clients begin to argue loudly about which type of icing to
use. How would the OT BEST describe the behavior?
A. Low registration
B. Sensory avoiding
, C. Sensation seeking
D. A hearing impairment - correct answer-B. Sensory avoiding
The individual's actions are indicative of sensor avoiding behavior, characterized by a low
threshold to stimuli perceived as noxious, followed by an active response such as leaving
the room. Individuals with sensory avoiding behavior may "become distressed in situations
in which they cannot control the environment" and "do well in low stimulus situation or
settings that others find dull". An individual with low registration (answer A), sensory
seeking behavior (answer C), or a hearing impairment (answer D) would not have difficult
with the auditory stimulation caused by the roar of the mixer or loud voices.
During a self-care evaluation of an individual who recently sustained a brain injury, the OT
instructs the individual to comb his hair immediately after he washes his face. The
individual washes his face quickly, but then the therapist must give him several reminders
to comb his hair. The OT is MOST likely to identify this as a deficit in what area?
A. Working memory
B. Judgment
C. Hearing
D. Abstraction - correct answer-A. Working memory
"Working memory is the temporary storage of information while one is working with it or
attending to it. It includes the ability to recall information immediately after exposure. It
allows one to focus conscious attention and keeps track of information as one is
performing an activity". This individual's inability to comb is hair without reminders
suggests a deficit in working memory (answer A). Judgment (answer B), the ability to make
realistic and safe decisions based on available environmental information, would not be
needed for this task. Because the person performed the first request, hearing (answer C)
would seem to be intact. Abstraction (answer D) is the ability to extrapolate information
from an idea to generalize to another situation and would not be needed to follow this
direction.
An OT is preparing to evaluate a toddler who has upper extremity orthopedic concerns.
How will the OT MOST likely obtain the majority of initial assessment data?
A. Measurement tools that assess visual-motor skills
B. Dynamometer and pinch meter readings.
C. Observation of child during activities in the child-care center.
D. Functional independence measures. - correct answer-C. Observation of child during
activities in the child-care center.
Through observation of the child during child-care center activities, the OT can collect
information about the child's motor performance skills and participation in activities that
require upper extremity/hand skill. Naturalistic observation is a method of ecological
assessment, which is "a primary mechanism for obtaining data relevant to the child's
performance context..... Skilled observation of child performing a functional task offers.....
important information about the child's performance". Answers A, B, ad D are all
appropriate choices after the child is old enough for these assessments.
During an initial evaluation, the OT suspects that a child has somatodyspraxia. In what
area should the OT focus the evaluation?
A. Ability to print or write.
B. Reading competency.
C. Math calculations.
D. New motor task planning. - correct answer-D. New motor task planning.
"Somatodyspraxia is described as a deficit in learning new motor skills, planning new
motor actions, and generalizing motor plans." Inability to print or write (answer A) is termed
"dysgraphia." The term "dyslexia" (answer B) means dysfunction in reading. Inability to
perform mathematics (answer C) is known as "dyscalculia"
,An OT working in a long-term care facility needs to evaluate the long-term memory of a
resident. Which of the following methods is BEST for evaluating memory or personally
experienced events (declarative memory)?
A. Show the person a series of objects and ask him to recall the objects within 60 seconds.
B. Ask the individual how he spent New Year's/
C. Have the individual state the place, date, and time.
D. Ask the client to remember to bring a specific item to the next therapy session - correct
answer-B Ask the individual how he spent New Year's
"Declarative memory is one aspect of long term memory and includes conscious memory
for events, knowledge or facts". It is commonly assessed through verbal interviews and
informal testing such as asking a question about an individual's recall of personal events
(answer B). Working memory refers to "the temporary storage of inforamtion while one is
working with it or attending to it" (answer A). "Prospective memory involves the ability to
remember intentions or activities that will be required in the future" (answer D). Knowing
the date, place, and time is indicative of orientation (answer C).
A child avoids playground equipment that requires her feet to be off the ground. What does
this behavior MOST likely indicate?
A. Difficulty modulating proprioception.
B. Somatodyspraxia
C. Gravitational insecurity
D. Bilateral integration/sequencing deficit. - correct answer-C. Gravitational insecurity.
Gravitational insecurity is described as "fear response to movement". The child easily
experiences a fear of falling and prefers to keep her feet firmly on the ground. Tactile
defensiveness (answer A) is a term used to describe discomfort with various textures and
,with unexpected touch. Somatodyspraxia (answer B) has is "foundation in somatosensory
(e.g. primarily tactile but also proprioceptive) discrimination deficits, which interfere with
the development of body scheme and awareness". Bilateral integration and sequencing
deficits are related to "poor vestibular-propioceptive discrimination, which interferes with
the ability to coordinate, sequence, and execute motor actions quickly and efficiently".
When the OT suspects tactile defensiveness as a rationale for a child's challenges, in what
area of participation should the OT focus on FIRST?
A. Play behavior
B. Dressing habits
C. Social skills
D. Leisure interests - correct answer-B. Dressing habits
Children with tactile defensiveness are "bothered by tactile aspects of daily living
activities.... specific types of clothing.... specific textures materials". The child may be
bothered by certain textures or avoid wearing turtlenecks, socks, or shoes. Conversely,
some children may never take off their shoes to avoid tactile stimulation. Play behavior
(answer A), social skills (answer C), and the choice of hobbies (answer D) could be
affected secondarily, as a result of intolerance to certain textures or human touch.
Knowledge of the child's dressing habits will give the OT key information at the start of the
evaluation process.
An OT is working with an individual with schizophrenia who is in the process of preparing to
move from a state hospital to a group home. During a baking group, the client becomes
agitated and leaves the room when another client uses the electric hand mixer to mix the
cake batter, and again when two clients begin to argue loudly about which type of icing to
use. How would the OT BEST describe the behavior?
A. Low registration
B. Sensory avoiding
, C. Sensation seeking
D. A hearing impairment - correct answer-B. Sensory avoiding
The individual's actions are indicative of sensor avoiding behavior, characterized by a low
threshold to stimuli perceived as noxious, followed by an active response such as leaving
the room. Individuals with sensory avoiding behavior may "become distressed in situations
in which they cannot control the environment" and "do well in low stimulus situation or
settings that others find dull". An individual with low registration (answer A), sensory
seeking behavior (answer C), or a hearing impairment (answer D) would not have difficult
with the auditory stimulation caused by the roar of the mixer or loud voices.
During a self-care evaluation of an individual who recently sustained a brain injury, the OT
instructs the individual to comb his hair immediately after he washes his face. The
individual washes his face quickly, but then the therapist must give him several reminders
to comb his hair. The OT is MOST likely to identify this as a deficit in what area?
A. Working memory
B. Judgment
C. Hearing
D. Abstraction - correct answer-A. Working memory
"Working memory is the temporary storage of information while one is working with it or
attending to it. It includes the ability to recall information immediately after exposure. It
allows one to focus conscious attention and keeps track of information as one is
performing an activity". This individual's inability to comb is hair without reminders
suggests a deficit in working memory (answer A). Judgment (answer B), the ability to make
realistic and safe decisions based on available environmental information, would not be
needed for this task. Because the person performed the first request, hearing (answer C)
would seem to be intact. Abstraction (answer D) is the ability to extrapolate information
from an idea to generalize to another situation and would not be needed to follow this
direction.
