Fundamentals HESI Prep-Ch 25-Patient Education and the Nursing Process , Questions and
Correct Answers. With Rationale.
Which teaching tool is beneficial for patients with reading comprehension problems and visual deficits?
ANS: Audiovisual materials
Audiovisual materials include slides, audiotapes, television, and videotapes used with printed material or discussion. This teaching tool is effective for patients with reading comprehension problems and visual deficits. Graphs are visual presentations of numerical data. They help learners grasp information quickly about single concepts. This teaching tool may not be beneficial to patients with visual deficits. Likewise, using physical objects such as actual equipment, objects, or models to teach concepts or skills may not be beneficial to patients with visual deficits. The computer instruction method requires reading comprehension, psychomotor skills, and familiarity with computers.
During a teaching session, a parent approaches the nurse for advice about managing a child's temper tantrums. The nurse enacts the role of the child to evaluate the parent's response to the child's behavior. The nurse is using which instructional method to teach the parent?
ANS: Role play
During role play, people are asked to play themselves or someone else. Patients learn required skills and feel more confident in being able to perform them independently. Analogies supplement verbal instruction with familiar images that make complex information more real and understandable. Simulation is a useful technique for teaching problem solving, application, and independent thinking. During individual or group discussions, the nurse poses a pertinent problem or situation for patients to solve. Demonstration is used when teaching psychomotor skills, such as preparing a syringe, bathing an infant, crutch walking, or taking a pulse.
Which screening tool can be used to test literacy? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
ANS: (2)Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT 3)
(4)Cloze test
(5)Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM)
The WRAT 3, cloze test, and REALM tool can be used to test literacy. The WRAT 3 evaluates reading, spelling, and arithmetic skills. The cloze test is a test for reading comprehension. The REALM tool determines reading levels by using pronunciation of health care terms. TJC's Speak Up Initiatives help patients understand their rights when
receiving health care but do not test health literacy. The NAALS is a survey conducted to assess the extent of health literacy in America. Which teaching approach would be effective for informing a patient of an emergency appendectomy and the postoperative recovery he or she will experience?
ANS: Telling
The telling approach should be used for teaching when limited information is taught. It is
more effective for the patient experiencing anxiety. Participating involves the nurse and patient working together to achieve learning objectives. Entrusting gives the patient the opportunity to manage self-care, and the patient accepts the responsibility. Reinforcement is using some stimulus to increase the probability of a response.
A patient is scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft surgery. When is an appropriate time to teach breathing exercises and coughing techniques to this patient?
ANS: Before the surgery
Deep breathing and coughing exercises are taught to the patient to prevent respiratory complications after surgery. These should be taught preoperatively so the patient learns
the techniques and can perform them properly after surgery. The patient needs to start doing these exercises immediately after surgery. As a result of physical discomfort and fatigue after the surgery, the patient will not be able to learn the exercises properly. Teaching breathing exercises at discharge or during the next visit is inappropriate.
Which teaching tool is suitable for patients who have strong reading comprehension and psychomotor skills?
ANS: Computer instruction
Computer instruction requires reading comprehension, psychomotor skills, and familiarity with computers. Physical objects such as actual equipment, objects, or models are used to teach concepts or skills. This teaching tool may not require the patient to have strong reading comprehension skills. Using printed material as a teaching tool requires the patient to have good reading comprehension skills but would not require psychomotor skills. Audiovisual materials include slides, audiotapes, television, and videotapes used with printed material or discussion. This teaching tool is suitable for patients with reading comprehension problems and visual deficits.
While teaching a patient, the nurse determines that the patient is not able to read above the fifth-grade level. This describes which inability?
ANS: Functional illiteracy
Functional illiteracy is the inability to read above the fifth-grade level and is a major problem in America. Health literacy involves the cognitive and social skills that determine the motivation and ability of individuals to use information to promote good health. Health illiteracy is a lack of health literacy. A learning disability is the inability of an individual to learn new things because of various factors.
A nurse describes arterial blood pressure as "like water flowing through a hose." Which teaching technique does this exemplify?
ANS: Analogy
Correct Answers. With Rationale.
Which teaching tool is beneficial for patients with reading comprehension problems and visual deficits?
ANS: Audiovisual materials
Audiovisual materials include slides, audiotapes, television, and videotapes used with printed material or discussion. This teaching tool is effective for patients with reading comprehension problems and visual deficits. Graphs are visual presentations of numerical data. They help learners grasp information quickly about single concepts. This teaching tool may not be beneficial to patients with visual deficits. Likewise, using physical objects such as actual equipment, objects, or models to teach concepts or skills may not be beneficial to patients with visual deficits. The computer instruction method requires reading comprehension, psychomotor skills, and familiarity with computers.
During a teaching session, a parent approaches the nurse for advice about managing a child's temper tantrums. The nurse enacts the role of the child to evaluate the parent's response to the child's behavior. The nurse is using which instructional method to teach the parent?
ANS: Role play
During role play, people are asked to play themselves or someone else. Patients learn required skills and feel more confident in being able to perform them independently. Analogies supplement verbal instruction with familiar images that make complex information more real and understandable. Simulation is a useful technique for teaching problem solving, application, and independent thinking. During individual or group discussions, the nurse poses a pertinent problem or situation for patients to solve. Demonstration is used when teaching psychomotor skills, such as preparing a syringe, bathing an infant, crutch walking, or taking a pulse.
Which screening tool can be used to test literacy? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
ANS: (2)Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT 3)
(4)Cloze test
(5)Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM)
The WRAT 3, cloze test, and REALM tool can be used to test literacy. The WRAT 3 evaluates reading, spelling, and arithmetic skills. The cloze test is a test for reading comprehension. The REALM tool determines reading levels by using pronunciation of health care terms. TJC's Speak Up Initiatives help patients understand their rights when
receiving health care but do not test health literacy. The NAALS is a survey conducted to assess the extent of health literacy in America. Which teaching approach would be effective for informing a patient of an emergency appendectomy and the postoperative recovery he or she will experience?
ANS: Telling
The telling approach should be used for teaching when limited information is taught. It is
more effective for the patient experiencing anxiety. Participating involves the nurse and patient working together to achieve learning objectives. Entrusting gives the patient the opportunity to manage self-care, and the patient accepts the responsibility. Reinforcement is using some stimulus to increase the probability of a response.
A patient is scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft surgery. When is an appropriate time to teach breathing exercises and coughing techniques to this patient?
ANS: Before the surgery
Deep breathing and coughing exercises are taught to the patient to prevent respiratory complications after surgery. These should be taught preoperatively so the patient learns
the techniques and can perform them properly after surgery. The patient needs to start doing these exercises immediately after surgery. As a result of physical discomfort and fatigue after the surgery, the patient will not be able to learn the exercises properly. Teaching breathing exercises at discharge or during the next visit is inappropriate.
Which teaching tool is suitable for patients who have strong reading comprehension and psychomotor skills?
ANS: Computer instruction
Computer instruction requires reading comprehension, psychomotor skills, and familiarity with computers. Physical objects such as actual equipment, objects, or models are used to teach concepts or skills. This teaching tool may not require the patient to have strong reading comprehension skills. Using printed material as a teaching tool requires the patient to have good reading comprehension skills but would not require psychomotor skills. Audiovisual materials include slides, audiotapes, television, and videotapes used with printed material or discussion. This teaching tool is suitable for patients with reading comprehension problems and visual deficits.
While teaching a patient, the nurse determines that the patient is not able to read above the fifth-grade level. This describes which inability?
ANS: Functional illiteracy
Functional illiteracy is the inability to read above the fifth-grade level and is a major problem in America. Health literacy involves the cognitive and social skills that determine the motivation and ability of individuals to use information to promote good health. Health illiteracy is a lack of health literacy. A learning disability is the inability of an individual to learn new things because of various factors.
A nurse describes arterial blood pressure as "like water flowing through a hose." Which teaching technique does this exemplify?
ANS: Analogy
