Critical care/flight paramedic exam
Questions and Answers.
babinski reflex -
extension and spreading of toes when bottom of foot is stroked. sign of nervous system
lesion
battles sign -
bruise behind ear, basilar skull fracture
becks triad -
jvd, muffled heart tones, hypotension. from cardiac tamponade
brudzinski sign -
flexion of the neck results in flexion of the hip. meningitis
coopernails sign -
ecchymosis on perineum, labia, scrotum. sign of pelvis fracture
cullens sign -
bruising around umbilicus. Sign of pancreatitis or ectopic pregnancy
grey turners sign -
discoloration of skin around flank. sign of pancreatitis
hammans sign -
crunching sound of heart with asynchronous heart beat. sign of mediastinal
emphysema/tracheobronchial disruption
kehrs sign -
left shoulder pain associated with splenic rupture
kernigs sign -
pain to knee extension when hip is at 90 degrees. sign of meningitis
levines sign -
pain with clutched fist over midline of chest. sign of cardiac chest pain
mcburneys sign -
tenderness 2/3 the distance between umbilicus and ileum. sign of appendicitis
muphys sign -
,pt unable to take deep breath on inspiration with deep palpation beneath right coastal
margins. sign of gall bladder issues
S2 "dub" heart tones -
aortic and pulmonary valve closure
s1 "lub" sound -
bicuspic/tricuspid valve closure
stroke volume is affected by -
preload, afterload, contractility
s4 heart tone -
indicative of stiff or noncompliant ventricle, like with an old MI
s3 heart tone -
ventricle stretch due to fluid overload
right coronary artery is typically repaired by using -
saphenous vein
dresslers sign -
pericarditis from recent MI or cardiac surgery
alpha 1 stimulation results in -
increased SVR/vasoconstriction
beta 1 stimulation results in -
increased HR, contractility
janeway lesions and osler nodes are indicative of -
endocarditis
elevated BNP signals -
increased stretching of ventricles. found in CHF
where should a cardiac transducer be placed? -
phlebostatic axis (4th intercostal space midaxillary)
what does the dicrotic notch symbolize? -
aortic valve closing
saline from ART line should infuse at what rate -
3ml/hr
normal central venous pressure (CVP) -
, 2-6
when utilizing a swan ganz catheter, never exceed ____mL of air in distal balloon -
1.5
coronary perfusion pressure calculation -
PAWP-DBP (should be 50-60)
PAWP range -
8-12
PVR range -
50-250
PA pressure -
15-25 systolic, 8-15 diastolic
SVR range -
800-1200
what does PVR signify -
right heart afterload, pulmonary vascular resistance
what is PCWP -
same as pAWP
left heart preload is also called -
left ventricular end diastolic pressure LVEDP
what is CI -
same as CO
what happens to pressures during cardiogenic shock -
decreased cardiac output (CO/CI), increased everything else
what happens to pressures during hypovolemic shock -
decreased SVR, increased everything else
what happens to pressures during anaphylactic shock -
increased CO/CI, decreased everything else
when should PAWP readings be taken -
at the end of exhalation
if a swan ganz catheter is in the right place, the two pressures that can be continuously
monitored are -
Questions and Answers.
babinski reflex -
extension and spreading of toes when bottom of foot is stroked. sign of nervous system
lesion
battles sign -
bruise behind ear, basilar skull fracture
becks triad -
jvd, muffled heart tones, hypotension. from cardiac tamponade
brudzinski sign -
flexion of the neck results in flexion of the hip. meningitis
coopernails sign -
ecchymosis on perineum, labia, scrotum. sign of pelvis fracture
cullens sign -
bruising around umbilicus. Sign of pancreatitis or ectopic pregnancy
grey turners sign -
discoloration of skin around flank. sign of pancreatitis
hammans sign -
crunching sound of heart with asynchronous heart beat. sign of mediastinal
emphysema/tracheobronchial disruption
kehrs sign -
left shoulder pain associated with splenic rupture
kernigs sign -
pain to knee extension when hip is at 90 degrees. sign of meningitis
levines sign -
pain with clutched fist over midline of chest. sign of cardiac chest pain
mcburneys sign -
tenderness 2/3 the distance between umbilicus and ileum. sign of appendicitis
muphys sign -
,pt unable to take deep breath on inspiration with deep palpation beneath right coastal
margins. sign of gall bladder issues
S2 "dub" heart tones -
aortic and pulmonary valve closure
s1 "lub" sound -
bicuspic/tricuspid valve closure
stroke volume is affected by -
preload, afterload, contractility
s4 heart tone -
indicative of stiff or noncompliant ventricle, like with an old MI
s3 heart tone -
ventricle stretch due to fluid overload
right coronary artery is typically repaired by using -
saphenous vein
dresslers sign -
pericarditis from recent MI or cardiac surgery
alpha 1 stimulation results in -
increased SVR/vasoconstriction
beta 1 stimulation results in -
increased HR, contractility
janeway lesions and osler nodes are indicative of -
endocarditis
elevated BNP signals -
increased stretching of ventricles. found in CHF
where should a cardiac transducer be placed? -
phlebostatic axis (4th intercostal space midaxillary)
what does the dicrotic notch symbolize? -
aortic valve closing
saline from ART line should infuse at what rate -
3ml/hr
normal central venous pressure (CVP) -
, 2-6
when utilizing a swan ganz catheter, never exceed ____mL of air in distal balloon -
1.5
coronary perfusion pressure calculation -
PAWP-DBP (should be 50-60)
PAWP range -
8-12
PVR range -
50-250
PA pressure -
15-25 systolic, 8-15 diastolic
SVR range -
800-1200
what does PVR signify -
right heart afterload, pulmonary vascular resistance
what is PCWP -
same as pAWP
left heart preload is also called -
left ventricular end diastolic pressure LVEDP
what is CI -
same as CO
what happens to pressures during cardiogenic shock -
decreased cardiac output (CO/CI), increased everything else
what happens to pressures during hypovolemic shock -
decreased SVR, increased everything else
what happens to pressures during anaphylactic shock -
increased CO/CI, decreased everything else
when should PAWP readings be taken -
at the end of exhalation
if a swan ganz catheter is in the right place, the two pressures that can be continuously
monitored are -
