AEMT NREMT Study Guide Questions
and Answers.
Compression/ Ventilation ratio for one rescuer? Two? -
1 rescuer = 30:2
2 rescuers = 30:2
Pediatric 2 rescuer is 15:2 but otherwise stays the same
What is the proper compression rate in CPR? -
100-120 per minute
Compression rate for: Adults
Children?
Infants: -
Adults: 2 inches
Children: 1/3 depth of chest or 2 in
Infants: 1.5 inches
What are 2 rhythms are considered "shockable" rhythms? -
Ventricular Fibrilation
Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia
Use the following terms to describe the flow of blood throughout the body:
Atrium, Ventricle, arteries, veins, aorta, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, capillaries,
vena cava, arterioles. -
1. Deoxygenated blood travels through the superior and inferior vena cava to the right
atrium
2. The blood is pumped by the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery to the lungs. This
is where the blood is oxygenated before being sent back through pulmonary veins to the
left atrium.
3. Blood flows into the left ventricle, which is responsible for pumping blood into the
aorta and out through arteries to the body.
4. Arteries branch off into arterioles, then to capillaries, which is where nutrient
exchange occurs with cells.
5. Last, blood flows back into the veins, into the superior and inferior vena cava before
returning to the heart.
What are two important roles of red blood cells? -
Transport oxygen to the cells
Transport carbon dioxide to the lungs
7 signs of cardiac comporomise -
, 1. abnormal blood pressure
2. pain, pressure, or discomfort in the chest or abdomen
3. shortness of breath
4. palpitations
5. anxiety or irritability
6. abnormal pulse
7. Sudden onset of nausea or vomiting
You auscultate your patient's lungs and find crackles with difficulty breathing. Which
side of the heart is affected and why? -
Shortness of breath with crackles in the lungs is indicative of left-sided heart failure.
Failure of the left ventricle to pump blood effectively causes blood to be backed up to
into the lungs (congested)
Right-sided heart failure causes blood to backup into body, causing pitting edema
throughout the body. What's the cause and name of this condition? -
Cor Pulmonale. The usual cause is pulmonary disease, such as pulmonary
hypertension or pulmonary stenosis (obstruction in the P.A)
Preload -
Preload, also known as the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), is the
amount of ventricular stretch at the end of diastole. Think of it as the heart loading up for
the next big squeeze of the ventricles during systole. Some people remember this by
using an analogy of a balloon - blow air into the balloon and it stretches; the more air
you blow in, the greater the stretch
Afterload -
Afterload, also known as the systemic vascular resistance (SVR), is the amount of
resistance the heart must overcome to open the aortic valve and push the blood volume
out into the systemic circulation. If you think about the balloon analogy, afterload is
represented by the knot at the end of the balloon. To get the air out, the balloon must
work against that knot.
List two organs in the right upper quadrant -
List two organs in the right lower quadrant -
List two organs in the left upper quadrant -
List two organs in the left lower quadrant -
and Answers.
Compression/ Ventilation ratio for one rescuer? Two? -
1 rescuer = 30:2
2 rescuers = 30:2
Pediatric 2 rescuer is 15:2 but otherwise stays the same
What is the proper compression rate in CPR? -
100-120 per minute
Compression rate for: Adults
Children?
Infants: -
Adults: 2 inches
Children: 1/3 depth of chest or 2 in
Infants: 1.5 inches
What are 2 rhythms are considered "shockable" rhythms? -
Ventricular Fibrilation
Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia
Use the following terms to describe the flow of blood throughout the body:
Atrium, Ventricle, arteries, veins, aorta, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, capillaries,
vena cava, arterioles. -
1. Deoxygenated blood travels through the superior and inferior vena cava to the right
atrium
2. The blood is pumped by the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery to the lungs. This
is where the blood is oxygenated before being sent back through pulmonary veins to the
left atrium.
3. Blood flows into the left ventricle, which is responsible for pumping blood into the
aorta and out through arteries to the body.
4. Arteries branch off into arterioles, then to capillaries, which is where nutrient
exchange occurs with cells.
5. Last, blood flows back into the veins, into the superior and inferior vena cava before
returning to the heart.
What are two important roles of red blood cells? -
Transport oxygen to the cells
Transport carbon dioxide to the lungs
7 signs of cardiac comporomise -
, 1. abnormal blood pressure
2. pain, pressure, or discomfort in the chest or abdomen
3. shortness of breath
4. palpitations
5. anxiety or irritability
6. abnormal pulse
7. Sudden onset of nausea or vomiting
You auscultate your patient's lungs and find crackles with difficulty breathing. Which
side of the heart is affected and why? -
Shortness of breath with crackles in the lungs is indicative of left-sided heart failure.
Failure of the left ventricle to pump blood effectively causes blood to be backed up to
into the lungs (congested)
Right-sided heart failure causes blood to backup into body, causing pitting edema
throughout the body. What's the cause and name of this condition? -
Cor Pulmonale. The usual cause is pulmonary disease, such as pulmonary
hypertension or pulmonary stenosis (obstruction in the P.A)
Preload -
Preload, also known as the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), is the
amount of ventricular stretch at the end of diastole. Think of it as the heart loading up for
the next big squeeze of the ventricles during systole. Some people remember this by
using an analogy of a balloon - blow air into the balloon and it stretches; the more air
you blow in, the greater the stretch
Afterload -
Afterload, also known as the systemic vascular resistance (SVR), is the amount of
resistance the heart must overcome to open the aortic valve and push the blood volume
out into the systemic circulation. If you think about the balloon analogy, afterload is
represented by the knot at the end of the balloon. To get the air out, the balloon must
work against that knot.
List two organs in the right upper quadrant -
List two organs in the right lower quadrant -
List two organs in the left upper quadrant -
List two organs in the left lower quadrant -
