psych 331 Questions with 100% Correct Answers 2024

What are the basic concepts in Cognitive Development? cognition and development Structure refers to the mental processes happening within, which determines a particular function to occur function of mental structures promotes them to change cognition is a mental process used to think and solve problems and can be observed through behavior patterns. ex. children solving math problems and how they can reason what they are thinking through their behavior. Development is formed through the relationship between structure and function representation the mental encoding of information ex. children represent information in certain ways as opposed to adults. how does representation change overtime? an example is infantile amnesia which is the inability to remember the early years of life. infants represent information mostly based on feelings or reactions, therefore allowing learned information to be easily forgotten. as we grow older, our representation is associated with language and therefore, strengthening our memory recall. What is meant by the idea that cognitive development in the result of a dynamic and reciprocal transcation of internal and external factors? The theory that development is a result of dynamic and reciprocal processes simply refers to the fact that the changes that define development are complex and continuous, and can influence the environment they occur in, which in turn effects the processes that occur, much like the concept of bidirectionality that was discussed. As for the transaction of internal and external factors, this is acknowledging the importance of structure and internal processing as well as the environment that is inwardly affecting the developing individual. Overall this truth recognizes that development is both continuous and bidirectional, within and around the individual. How is cognitive development constructed in a social context? culture and society play a large part in how a person develops How can cognitive development be both stable and plastic over time? there is a certain amount of stability in development, yet there is also potential for that to change over time. ex. while many people who start out with a high intelligence will continue to learn and use these abilities more than someone who starts out with less intelligence, there are opportunities for this to shift in a different direction over time- the less intelligent person may study and engage in challenging activities persistently while the intelligent one may feel unchallenged and burn out, and over time this could foster changes in their intelligence. 6 truth of cognitive development a summary of the broadly agreed-upon theories that currently guide the field of developmental psychology. What are the two primary goals of cognitive developmentalists? to understand the causes of observable or measured developmental changes (ex to understand how children learn to use strategies of mathematics) and applying the first goal in various real-world settings (ex applying the knowledge of what causes these changes to help teach kids in the most effective way possible) How does intentional control change with development? Intentional control changes with development because as we age we are able to use more strategies and executive functioning