PSY 250 CHAPTER 1 TO 13 QUIZ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

PSY 250 CHAPTER 1 TO 13 QUIZ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Chapter 1 1. Which of the following is true of the relationship between hypotheses and theories? a. Hypotheses are used to determine if a theory is accurate 2. Dr. Stewart is an editor of a psychology journal. She wants to ensure that reviewers give honest reviews of the papers they are asked to read. Which of the following could she do to increase the likelihood of honest feedback? a. Make sure the identity of peer reviewers is unknown 3. Peer-reviewed scientific journals and magazines are similar in all the following ways EXCEPT a. Both tend to publish peer-reviewed articles 4. Name three types of research data or information that people are exposed to everyday, even if they are not psychologists a. Books, social media, other people 5. Which of the following is NOT an example of applied research? a. A cognitive psychologist who examines people’s ability to distinguish between colors based on light exposure 6. In Harry Harlow’s studies on monkeys and attachment, he concluded that a. Monkeys preferred touch to substance until feeding was necessary 7. Although Elliot’s experiment, that looked at red vs. other color booklet colors as well as ID numbers and other variations, is a good example of all five processes that shape psychological science, the author used Elliot’s study as an example of which one of the five processes? a. Psychological scientists dig deeper to pursue answers 8. Which of the following is an example of being a producer of research a. Administering an anxiety questionnaire 9. Which of the following statements is falsifiable? a. Children in the north are significantly less happy than those in the south 10. Susan’s hypothesis was not completely supported by her data. What does this mean? a. The theory may need to be amended 11. Which of the following is the reason that scientific journals use peer review? a. It ensures that the studies published are of the highest quality 12. According to the TED Talks video by Ben Goldachre on Battling Bad Science, how is it that industries are testing and showing products such as pharmaceuticals as better than old drugs on the market? a. All of these are how industry is able to market new drugs 13. According to the theory-data cycle, which of the following would be a good first step once you’ve determined your theory regarding, for example, why children exhibit aggressive behaviors? a. Determine questions that you would like to research related to your theory 14. Deci and Ryan made a general statement that individuals have three needs that are related to growth and fulfillment. This is an example of which a. A theory 15. Of the studies presented in chapter 1, including Ariely’s study on cheating, which was used to demonstrate how journalists can misrepresent research? a. The Mozart Effect Chapter 2 1. Which of the following is not a place where psychological scientists publish their research? a. Popular magazines 2. What does it mean to say that research is probabilistic? a. Research conclusions are meant to explain a certain proportion of possible cases, but not all possible cases. 3. Go to the Kresge online library. Search for the journal article, The Teenage Brain: Sensitivity to Rewards. In what journal is this article published? a. Current Directions in Psychological Science 4. Go to the Kresge online library and search under Databases by Subject. How many databases are recommended for Psychology? a. 9 5. When is it a good idea to base conclusions on the advice of authorities? a. When authorities have conducted the research on which their advice is based, by systematically and objectively comparing different conditions 6. Which of the following is the term used in psychology to describe a person who is an actor playing a specific role as part of an experiment? a. Confederate 7. Go to PsychInfo online and search the variable "self-esteem". How many hits or potential responses did you get? a. 42,977 8. After two students from his school commit suicide, Marcelino concludes that the most likely cause of death in teenagers is suicide. In fact, suicide is not the most likely cause of death in teens. What happened? a. Marcelino was probably influenced by the availability heuristic; he was too influenced by cases that came easily to mind 9. Basing our conclusions on personal experience is faulty because experience has confounds. In this context, a confound means a. In real-world experiences, more than one thing changes at the same time 10. A school district decides to compare a new math textbook to the textbook that has been in use for the past few years. Each of the fourth graders in one school is assigned to be in one of two classes, one in which a teacher continues using the old book and another in which a new teacher uses the new book. The school administrators compare the average scores of the two classes on a mathematics standardized test at the end of the year to determine which book is better. Which of the following is a potential confound in this study? a. The teachers are using different textbooks Chapter 3 1. Marvin reads a journalistic report of a research study and asks, “How strong was the effect?” Which validity is Marvin asking about? a. Statistical validity 2. Heather reads an article entitled, “Waist Circumference Associated with Life Expectancy.” She wants to use the correlation reported in the article to predict her own life expectancy based on her waist circumference. What kind of correlation would be best for her to make this prediction? a. A strong positive correlation 3. Anderson is reading his morning paper and sees the following headline: “Female Engineering Majors’ Effort on Math Problems Depends on Sex of Role Model.” (This headline is based on a study conducted by Stout, Dasgupta, Hunsinger, and McManus, 2011.) In the study, female students were asked by either a male math major or a femalte math major to complete a math test. Female students tried to solve more of the math problems when asked by a female math major than they did when asked by a male math major. How many variables are mentioned in this study/headline? a. Two 4. Which of the following questions addresses construct validity? a. How well has the researcher measured or manipulated the variables in the study? 5. Which of the following is NOT an operational definition of stress?