RN ATI PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM NEWEST 2024 VERSION COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS

A nurse is caring for a client who has a Cerebrospinal fluid infection with gram-negative bacteria. Which of the following Cephalosporin antibiotics should the nurse expect to administer IV to treat this infection? A. Cefaclor B. Cefazolin C. Cefepime D. Cephalexin - ANSWERS,C (Cefepime, a fourth-generation cephalosporin, is more likely to be effective against this infection than the other medications, which are from the first or second generation. medications from each progressive generation of cephalosporins are more effective against gram-negative bacteria, more resistant to destruction by beta-lactamase, and more able to reach cerebrospinal fluid) A nurse is preparing to administer Penicillin V to a client who has a streptococcal infection. The client tells the nurse that she has difficulty swallowing tablets and doesn't "do well" with liquid or chewable medications because the taste gags her, even when the a nurse mixes the medication with food. The nurse should request a prescription for which of the following medications? A. Fosfomycin B. Amoxicillin C. Nafcillin D. Cefaclor - ANSWERS,C (Nafcillin is an acceptable alternative within the penicillin classification because it is available for Imor IV use.) A nurse is teaching a client about taking Tetracycline to treat a GI infection due to Helicobacter pylori, Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions? A. "I will take this medication with 8 ounces of milk." B. "I will let my doctor know if I start having diarrhea." C. "I can stop taking this medication when I feel completely well." D. "I can take this medication just before bedtime. - ANSWERS,B (Diarrhea can indicate that the client is developing a suprainfection, which can be very serious. The client should notify the provider if diarrhea occurs.) A nurse is administering gentamicin by IV infusion at 0900. The medication will take 1 hr to infuse. When should the nurse plan to obtain a blood sample for a peak serum level of gentamicin? A. 1000 B. 1030 C. 1100 D. 1130 - ANSWERS,B (The nurse should obtain the blood specimen for the peak serum level at 1030, 30 min after the end of the IV infusion. For the trough level, the nurse should collect the blood sample just before starting the infusion) A nurse is caring for a client who is starting a course of gentamicin IV for a serious respiratory infection. For which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor as an adverse effect of this medication? (Select all that apply.) A.Pruritus B. Hematuria C. Muscle weakness D. Difficulty swallowing E. Vertigo - ANSWERS,a, b, c, e (A. Paresthesias of the hands and feet, urticaria, rash, and pruritus are indications of a hypersensitivity reaction that can occur in clients taking gentamicin. B.hematuria is an indication of acute kidney toxicity due to gentamicin. C.muscle weakness and respiratory depression can occur in clients taking gentamicin as a result of neuromuscular blockade E. Vertigo, ataxia, and hearing loss are indications of ototoxicity that can occur in clients taking gentamicin) A nurse is caring for a client who has Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis and is receiving several antibiotics, including Streptomycin Im. For which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor as an adverse effect of this medication? A. Extremity paresthesias B. Urinary retention C. Severe constipation D. Complex partial seizures - ANSWERS,A (Paresthesias of the hands and feet are a common adverse effect of streptomycin. This medication treats infections in combination with other antibiotics or to treat severe infections when other antibiotics failed) A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing preparation for extensive colorectal surgery. Which of the following oral antibiotics should the nurse expect to administer specifically to suppress normal flora in the GI tract? A. Kanamycin B. Gentamicin C. Neomycin D. Tobramycin - ANSWERS,C (The nurse should expect to administer neomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, orally prior to GI surgery to rid the large intestine of normal flora) A nurse reviewing a client's medication history notes an allergy to Sulfonamides. This allergy is a contraindication for taking which of the following medications? (Select all that apply.) A. Hydrochlorothiazide B. Metoprolol C. Acetaminophen D. Glipizide E. Furosemide - ANSWERS,a, d, e (A. A sulfonamide allergy is a contraindication for taking hydrochlorothiazide. hypersensitivity, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, can result from taking hydrochlorothiazide and a sulfonamide concurrently. D. A sulfonamide allergy is a contraindication for taking some oral antidiabetes medications, including glipizide and glyburide. hypersensitivity, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, can result from taking glipizide and a sulfonamid