hospital corpsman test 2

what does infection control involve? - ANSWER taking steps to prevent the spread of infectious agents. Antibacterial - ANSWER kills or inhibits bacterial growth Antiseptic - ANSWER preventing or arresting the growth of microorganisms Asepsis - ANSWER absence of pathogenic microorganisms Aseptic technique - ANSWER practices/procedures that assist in reducing the risk for infection: consists of medical and surgical asepsis Bacteria - ANSWER single-celled microorganisms that multiply rapidly Blood-born Pathogen - ANSWER microorganisms in the blood that can cause disease in humans Contagious Disease (Communicable Disease) - ANSWER an infectious disease communicable by contact with one who has it, with a bodily discharge of such a patient, or with an object touched by the patient Contaminated - ANSWER to soil, stain, or infect by contact or association Direct Contact - ANSWER union or junction of body surfaces, to touch somthing Disinfectant - ANSWER agent that kills microorganisms but not their spores Disinfection - ANSWER A process that eliminates many or all microorganisms, with the exception of bacteria spores from inanimate objects Health Care Associated Infections (hai) - ANSWER HAls, also known as a Nosocomial infection; acquired or occurring in a hospital` Infection - ANSWER an infective agent or material contaminated with an infective agent Isolation - ANSWER A separation for the period of communicability of infected people or animals from others, so as to prevent or limit the direct or indirect transmission of the infectious agent from those who are infected to those who are susceptible Microorganism - ANSWER an organism of microscopic or ultramicrosscopic size. Pathogen - ANSWER disease producing microorganisms Standard precautions - ANSWER A group of infection prevention practices that apply to all patients, regardless of suspected or confirmed diagnosis or presumed infection status Infection control concepts - ANSWER Standard precautions are concepts in which all body fluids are assumed to be infected with blood-borne pathogens Chain of infection - ANSWER Infectious Agent (pathogen), reservoir, exit portal, mode of transmission, entry portal, susceptible host Infectious Agent (pathogen) - ANSWER disease causing microorganism viruses - ANSWER dna or RNA is encased in a protein coating. Viruses cannot reproduce outside of a living host cell Protozoa - ANSWER unicellular microorganisms that can infect the blood, brain, intestines and other body areas Fungi - ANSWER Tiny primitive organisms, that contain no chlorophyll Helminthes - ANSWER Parasitic worms or flukes Reservoir - ANSWER A place where the pathogen grows and may or may not multiply Portal of Exit - ANSWER An exit route for pathogens to leave its host Mode of Transmission - ANSWER The manner in which an infectious agent moves from one source to another most frequent source of HAIs - ANSWER direct and indirect contact Direct contact - ANSWER person to person or physical contact between source and susceptible host Indirect contact - ANSWER involves contact with contaminated inanimate objects Vector transmission - ANSWER occurs through a bite Droplet infection - ANSWER occurs when the droplets from an infected person are projected a short distance to the host's nasal mucosa, mouth, or conjunctiva Airborne transmission - ANSWER occurs when infectious particles dispersed in the air enter the host by inhalation Portal of Entry - ANSWER Place where a pathogen enters the body The most effective barrier to infection - ANSWER intact skin Any portal of exit can also become a - ANSWER portal of entry Susceptible